Introduction:Chagas disease is considered one of the 17 most neglected tropical diseases in the World, with the most common form of vector transmission. Methods: This structured cross-sectional study was conducted through an epidemiological survey in the Tobias Barreto municipality of Sergipe. Results: Of the 255 participants, 1 (0.4%) participant was positive for human Chagas disease. Approximately 30.2% of the participants found the triatomine bugs in their houses and outbuildings. Conclusions: The detection of a case indicated transmission, which was also evidenced by the presence of triatomines and poor housing conditions. Keywords: Chagas disease. Triatominae. Serology.The incidence of human Chagas disease in Latin American countries is estimated at 6-7 million people (1) . The high costs for its treatment in the chronic phase have been a burden on public health systems because of the progressive impairment of the cardiac and digestive forms of the disease (2) .Triatomines are the primary source of transmission and are the vectors responsible for maintaining the sylvatic cycle of the disease. An increased risk of vector-borne transmission is associated with rural areas where the proximity of humans to wild environments favors vector contact.The risk of transmission is high in Sergipe due to the endemicity of triatomines infected by Trypanosoma cruzi in the region; entomological data from the Central Public Health Laboratory of Sergipe [Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Sergipe (LACEN-SE)] for the years 2005-2014 motivated the selection of the area. Approximately 168 triatomines sent from the Tobias Barreto municipality were examined. Of these, 81 (48%) were found in the villages of Poço da Clara and Alagoinhas, and 43 (25%) were infested. The regional epidemiologic background was that of a high prevalence of Chagas disease in State of Sergipe (5.9%) based on a national serological survey conducted in 1980; this prevalence is higher than the national average of 4.2%.This study investigated the presence of human Chagas disease via a quantitative cross-sectional and structured epidemiological survey that was conducted in the villages of Alagoinhas and Poço da Clara, in the Tobias Barreto municipality, Sergipe State.Some areas in the villages were visited to evaluate the physical characteristics of the housing; some buildings had reformed physical structures. However, older facilities were maintained consisted of mud houses adjoined to the main houses, used as storage areas for food and materials or as shelter for small pets ( Table 1). After the educational lectures about the risks of transmission of disease and disorders, participants were randomly selected and voluntarily provided informed, written consent and completed a questionnaire about socio-economic and demographic factors, to identify the variables related with transmission risk. Blood samples collected by peripheral venous puncture were centrifuged at the collection site after ten minutes of sedimentation, stored in ice coolers, and ...
Congenital Chagas disease was not observed in newborns in the Southern region of Sergipe. However, Chagas disease was observed in women of reproductive age. Therefore, effective measurements for monitoring and systematic evaluation should be conducted. The Neonatal Screening Program proved to be an effective public health strategy for the prevention and control of Chagas disease.
Introdução: Infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) constituem um grave problema de saúde mundial, aumentando os custos de internação e das taxas de mortalidade. Desta forma, torna-se crescente a necessidade de acompanhamento e avaliação, da densidade de incidência e perfil epidemiológico das IRAS ocorridas na UTI do Hospital Universitário de Sergipe (HU-UFS). Objetivo: Avaliar se existe diferença significativa da incidência / prevalência de IRAS em pacientes internados na UTI, associado a fatores predisponentes. Metodologia: O estudo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e levantamento de dados das fichas de vigilância epidemiológica realizada pelo Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar dos pacientes admitidos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) no período de 2019 a 2020. Estão incluídos os pacientes que atendam aos critérios de permanência mínima de 24 horas na unidade, e excluídos os que não atenderam este critério. Resultados: Houve maior densidade de IRAS no terceiro trimestre de 2020, com 26,44. Quanto aos dispositivos invasivos, observou-se maior taxa no uso de CVC, no quarto trimestre de 2020, com 83,9, entretanto não houve aumento de IRAS neste sítio. Foi observado maior frequência de pneumonia associada à ventilação (PAV), entre as topografias, correspondendo a 47,22% dos casos. Conclusão: As taxas encontradas neste estudo estão em consonância com os valores divulgados pela Anvisa, de outras instituições de mesmo perfil.
INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is a health problem that affects approximately 7 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Vector transmission is one of the most important routes in South and Central American countries. Between 2013 and 2019, municipalities of Sergipe sent 507 triatomines for analysis, unveiling the largest records found in the south in the villages of Poço da Clara, Alagoinhas and Pilões, and the municipality of Tobias Barreto. The high prevalence of infected vectors in these localities motivated this epidemiological study. METHODS: After educational lectures on the vectors and risks of the disease, a structured questionnaire was administered to identify areas and risk factors for transmission of the parasite. The data guided the collection of vectors and blood samples from domestic reservoirs. RESULTS: The studied region is considered endemic for triatomines infected by Trypanosoma cruzi with three species of vectors; the highest prevalence was Panstrongylus lutzi (54.83%), followed by Triatoma pseudomaculata (43.54%), and Triatoma tibiamaculata (1.61%). In the villages in this study, 100% of the vectors were found intradomically. The coexistence of residents with domestic animals was reported by 62.04% (255) of those surveyed. Forty-one small animals that were actively living with humans at home in the localities were evaluated serologically. No infection was observed in the domestic animals. CONCLUSIONS: There are favorable conditions for the domiciliation of triatomines in the evaluated locations, contributing to the risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease.
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