The increment in the demand for high-frequency monolithic integrated circuits has driven the development of waveguide-to-microstrip transition that allow their characterization and integration with waveguide components. Unfortunately, some of these transitions currently feature a rather narrow bandwidth, especially when the substrate is inserted transversal to the propagation direction of the waveguide. Here we present a new design that overcomes this problem. The transisition was originally designed for a bandwidth of 33.5–60 GHz (extended V-Band) with the simulation results showing reflections below −19.5 dB in a fractional bandwidth of 55% and, moreover, can be scaled to other frequencies keeping good electrical characteristics. To validate the design we show the scaling, construction, and measurement in an extended Q-band (27–50 GHz) with the additional advantage of having a standard impedance of 50 Ω. The most novel feature is a staggered air cavity for the microstrip and planar probe, which generates return losses better than 20 dB in a fractional bandwidth of 53%.
Resumo O conceito de inclusão digital, presente no campo científico, e aplicado socialmente, tem gerado estudos que trabalham a questão ora como combate à desigualdade social na compreensão dos mecanismos distanciadores entre ricos e pobres, ora como instrumento econômico baseado no conhecimento e avanço tecnológico. Esta reflexão torna-se relevante, uma vez que os avanços tecnológicos têm impulsionado transformações na economia política local e global e em nova ordem mundial de consumo frenético e sem questionamento. A inclusão digital, no escopo deste trabalho, é comparada metaforicamente a um sistema de engrenagens. As peças que se acoplam para o funcionamento de um sistema são, neste contexto, aqui tratadas como políticas de informação inseridas nas ações públicas. Essas ações interligam-se com as ferramentas de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) que, por sua vez, se conectam com os atores sociais que, por motivos diversos, encontram-se excluídos de oportunidades, bens e perspectivas. Palavras-chave inclusão digital; economia política; política de informação Digital inclusion: systems of gearsAbstract The notion of digital inclusion, present in the scientific field as well as in social life, a way in field scientific, how much in the practical life, it has generated studies on the question however as combat the battling social inequality in the comprehension of mechanisms of differentiation between rich and poor, to understand the different mechanisms between rich and poor, however and served as an economic instrument based on the knowledge and technological advance progress. The results are relevant insofar as accomplishment of this reflection is excellent, a time that the technological advancement have has stimulated transformations in the local and global political economy and in the new world order: frantic and unquestioned consumption and without questioning. The digital inclusion is here compared to a system of gears. These parts that if they interconnect for the functioning of a system are seen here in this context here treat, as information policies inserted of in the criminal public actions. These actions establish a connection with the tools of information and communication technologies (TICs) that in their turn it is are connected with the social actors,
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