Society is dependent on transport systems, not only to meet its daily needs with short journeys but also to meet their arising needs with longer distances. The ability to connect remote regions and the trip duration makes the aircraft a mode of transport for distant travel. However, it impacts greenhouse gas production. The survey for new ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions emerges from the contribution of energy harvesting systems. Energy harvesting technology has been presenting prosperous solutions and applications in road pavements. Due to the similarity between road pavements, this paper addresses state-of-the-art technologies for airport pavements and road pavements, aiming to analyze which ones can be developed for application in airport pavements. An analysis is presented not only for the density, efficiency, and energy generation, but also for each energy harvesting technology’s implementation and technology readiness level. The photovoltaic technology, to be incorporated into airport pavements, will allow sustainable energy generation dependent on the airport location. The hydraulic/pneumatic technology, to be incorporated into the airport pavements, will generate electrical energy based on aircraft movement.
This paper describes a new pavement energy harvest system developed in Portugal by the Waydip Company with the collaboration of the pavement mechanics laboratory of the University of Coimbra. The electric energy generated by the Waynergy system for people during 1 h was 525 J or 0?15 W?h. It is expected that the Waynergy system for vehicles could generate substantial electrical energy, which can be used not only to charge batteries for electric vehicles, but also for general consumption through injection into the electricity grid or direct use in electrical equipment, such as traffic lights, public lighting and outdoor advertising.'
Purpose/Objective(s): Radiosurgery (SRS) to the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) is a safe & effective treatment for non-DBS candidate, refractory tremor if properly delivered. Because of high dose, small target & required precision, a non-invasive stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) instrument has been the historical choice platform. Tungsten cones can also be mounted on a linear accelerator (LINAC) for treatment, but make treatment slow and cumbersome. We developed a method to replicate functional SRS GK dose distributions on multi-leaf collimator (MLC)equipped LINAC without cones. We tested our method of delivery in a prospective clinical trial of safety & efficacy of SRS thalamotomy for non-DBS candidate patients with refractory tremor. We used tractographic imaging to parcellate the thalamus and better elucidate the VIM. Materials/Methods: We evaluated pre-treatment tremor according to FTM/PROMIS scores. We acquired MPRAGE, FGATIR, tractographic, & resting-state fMRI sequences with Siemens 3T Prisma MRI. We identified VIM via both thalamic parcellation & classical stereotactic referencing. We targeted contralateral VIM to 130Gy Dmax in a fashion similar to 4mm GK shot. We adjusted each target such that 26Gy isodose line did not overlap the posterior limb of internal capsule. We immobilized patients with a highly rigid thermoplastic mask and delivered treatment on a LINAC with high-definition (2.5mm) MLC & used intrafraction optical surface monitoring (OSMS) to ensure patient immobility. We followed post-treatment imaging, tremor, and QOL scores. Results: We accrued 20 patients over 18 months. At submission, 15 of the 18 treated patients had 6-month follow-up. 14/15 (93.3%) reported clinically significant tremor reduction. Mean tremor reduction by FTM was 63.6% (range: 45 e 91.4%). Time to patient-reported improvement ranged from 0.3 to 15 months. No patients experienced Grade 2 adverse event. Conclusion: MLC-based SRS thalamotomy on LINAC is safe and effective as GK. Proper implementation requires an experienced movement disorder radiosurgery team. Current results mirror historical GK controls. We have expanded the trial to allow a total of 40 patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.