The banking sector is facing a new competitor, namely Financial Technology (Fin-tech). Fin-tech itself can be described as an industry composed of companies using a new tech-nology and innovation with available resources in order to compete in the marketplace of tradi-tional financial institutions and intermediaries in the delivery of financial services. In Indonesia, Fin-tech has been widely developed since the past 3 years. Fin-tech faces a new challenge as a new service for financial consumer which adapts to new ways of living in modern digital tech-nology era. Basically, Fin-tech offers three main categories such as payment, personal finance, and financing. In financing application there are peer to peer financing, social crowd funding, and loan marketplace. All of these kinds of application have some issues in legal framework and data protection due to the use of communication technologies such as internet, social networks, Smartphone, massive use of data with the Big Data, connected objects, etc. The use of big data and those new technologies create new opportunities for these sectors, and this development also raises significant data protection concerns. This paper discusses two legal issues of Fin-tech, the legal aspect, and the data protection.
Undang-Undang Nomor 28 tahun 2004 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 16 tahun 2001 tentang Yayasan mengatur mengenai penyesuaian anggaran dasar bagi yayasan yang telah lahir sebelum berlakunya Undang-Undang Yayasan. Penyesuaian dilakukan dalam jangka waktu yang telah diberikan oleh Undang-Undang Yayasan dengan tujuan agar yayasan tersebut tetap mendapatkan status badan hukum. Namun terhadap yayasan yang tidak melakukan penyesuaian anggaran dasar tersebut akan berdampak pada keabsahan perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh yayasan dan kewenangan terhadap pertanggungjawaban atas perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa status hukum yayasan yang hingga jangka waktu berakhir belum melakukan penyesuaian Anggaran Dasar dengan Undang-Undang Yayasan, serta mengenai keabsahan tindakan hukum yang dilakukan yayasan apabila yayasan tersebut belum menyesuaikandengan Undang-Undang Yayasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian hukum denganmenggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini yaitu primer dan sekunder, serta menggunakan metode interpretasi dan metode deduktif analisis untuk menganalisa bahan hukum tersebut. Kemudian hasil dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui keabsahan perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan yayasan jika yayasan hingga jangka waktu berakhir belum melakukan penyesuaian anggaran dasar yayasannya dengan Undang-Undang Yayasan dan kewenangan terhadap pertanggungjawaban atas perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan.
A limited liability company is a legal subject capable of being responsible for the risks in carrying out its business. The principle of vicarious liability is the basis of a person’s responsibility for acts against the law of others. One of these principles is applied in the employer’s responsibility to his subordinates. This research is a legal research that uses a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. This study aims to analyze the legal relationship between a limited liability company and an employee related to the principle of vicarious liability and the liability of a limited liability company in the consideration of the panel of judges. The results of this study indicate that a limited liability company is able to act as an employer and hiring employees. According to the principle of vicarious liability, the company will be responsible if an employee causes a loss during the performance of their duties. The panel of judges recognizes the principle of vicarious liability as the basis for corporate liability. There is a lot of diversity in the implementation of these principles. However, the important elements of the principle of vicarious liability are still reflected in the considerations of the panel of judges.Keywords: Liability; Limited Company; Vicarious Liability Principle. AbstrakPerseroan terbatas merupakan subjek hukum yang mampu bertanggung jawab atas risiko dalam pelaksanaan usahanya. Prinsip vicarious liability merupakan dasar pertanggungjawaban seseorang atas perbuatan melawan hukum orang lain. Salah satu prinsip tersebut diterapkan dalam pertanggungjawaban majikan terhadap bawahannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan hukum perseroan terbatas dan karyawan terkait prinsip vicarious liability serta pertanggungjawaban perseroan terbatas dalam pertimbangan majelis hakim. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa perseroan terbatas mampu berkedudukan sebagai majikan dan mempekerjakan karyawan. Menurut prinsip vicarious liability, perseroan akan bertanggung jawab bilamana karyawan menimbulkan kerugian selama pelaksanaan tugasnya. Majelis hakim mengakui prinsip vicarious liability sebagai dasar pertanggungjawaban perseroan. Timbul banyak keberagaman dalam implementasi prinsip tersebut. Akan tetapi, unsur-unsur penting prinsip vicarious liability tetap tercermin dalam pertimbangan-pertimbangan majelis hakim.Kata Kunci: Pertanggungjawaban; Perseroan Terbatas; Prinsip Vicarious Liability.
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