The administration of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt can induce oxidative stress leading to decrease the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), increase senescence of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), thus contributing to endothelial dysfunction. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Physalis minima L. leaves extract on serum NO levels, circulating EPCs number, and histopathology of tail artery endothelial cells in DOCA-salt-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: rats without any treatment (normal), rats treated with DOCA (10 mg/kgBW s.c. twice weekly) and given 0.9% NaCl to drink ad libitum for 6 weeks, and DOCA-salt-induced rats orally supplemented with P. minima leaves extract at doses of 500, 1500, or 2500 mg/kgBW for 4 weeks. Serum NO levels were measured by colorimetry. The number of circulating EPCs (CD34+/CD133+ cells) was determined by flow cytometry. The tail artery sections were histologically processed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. DOCA-saltinduced rats showed significantly (p<0.05) decrease in serum NO levels and circulating EPCs number compared to the normal. There was also more detached tail artery endothelial cells in DOCA-salt-induced rats. P. minima leaves extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW significantly (p<0.05) increased serum NO level and circulating EPCs number, and also induced an optimal reendothelialization in DOCA-salt-induced rats. P. minima leave extract dosedependently increases NO bioavailability contributing to enhanced EPCs mobilization, thereby promoting re-endothelialization in DOCA-salt-induced endothelial dysfunction in rats.
The study was to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of aqueous extract of Physalis minima leaves in female rats. Eighteen female Wistar rats were orally administered with aqueous extract of P. minima leaves at doses of 90, 270 and 450 mg/kg BW, respectively for 90 days. Six female rats without any treatment were provided as a control group. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical (aspartate transaminase/AST, alanine transaminase/ALT, creatinine, urea, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride) analyses. The results showed that hematological and biochemical biomarkers were not significantly different in treated groups compared to the control group. It is concluded that the aqueous extract of P. minima leaves do not induce hematologic toxicity, hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity in the subchronic toxicity study.
Background: Preeclampsia is the major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the world. The oxidative stress and imbalance of angiogenic-antiangiogenic factors contribute to the development of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cutleaf groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.) leaf methanolic extract on the prevention of preeclampsia development on L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced pregnant Wistar rats and to identify the mechanism behind the effect. Methods: Twenty-five pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups as follow. Normal rats received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection on G5-G17, preeclampsia rats injected with L-NAME (40 mg/kgBW s.c.) on G5-G17, and three groups of preeclampsia rats orally supplemented with cutleaf groundcherry leaf methanolic extract at doses of 90, 270, or 450 mg/kgBW/day on G1-G17. The maternal blood pressures were measured using a tail-cuff method on G4, G8, and G17. The rats were sacrificed on G18. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured by colorimetry. Serum nitrite/nitrate levels were determined using Griess reaction colorimetry. Serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All fetuses were weighed on an analytical balance. Results: The L-NAME injection on G5-G17 significantly (p < 0.05) increased systolic and diastolic blood pressures, increased serum levels of MDA and sFlt-1, also decreased serum SOD activity and nitrite/nitrate levels, as well as reduced fetal weight in pregnant rats compared with the normal pregnant group. The administration of cutleaf groundcherry leaf extract on G1-G17 significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, inhibited the increase in serum levels of MDA and sFlt-1, also inhibited the reduction in serum SOD activity and nitrite/nitrate levels, as well as prevented the reduction in fetal weight in L-NAME-treated pregnant rats compared with the normal pregnant group. The effective dose of cutleaf groundcherry leaf extract was 90 mg/kgBW/day. Conclusion: The cutleaf groundcherry leaf extract suppresses the oxidative stress and antiangiogenic factor. Thus, it is beneficial as prevention of the development of preeclampsia in both mother and fetus.
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