Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 is a novel probiotic isolated from dadih, an Indonesian traditional fermented buffalo milk. It's in vitro and in vivo probiotic properties have been assessed. Probiotic function has been shown in vivo by the suppression of allergic reactions in BALB/c mice through the action of T-regulatory cells cytokines by balancing Th1 and Th2 immune response. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterised by the imbalance of Th1 and Th2. The aim of the study was to assess the probiotic function of L. plantarum IS-10506 in children with mild and moderate AD. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing microencapsulated L. plantarum IS-10506 (10 cfu/day) and placebo (skim milk-Avicel) twice daily for 12 weeks was conducted in an outpatient clinic on children with mild and moderate AD. The trial included 22 AD children divided into intervention and control groups of n=12 and n=10 patients, respectively. Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index (SCORAD) and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin (IL)-4, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), forkhead box P3 (Foxp3+)/IL-10, and IL-17 levels were assessed. Demographic and baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. SCORAD and levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-17 were significantly lower in the probiotic group than those in the placebo group, while the IgE levels were not significantly changed. The ratio of Foxp3+ to IL-10 was significantly higher in the probiotic group than that in placebo group. Supplementation with the probiotic L. plantarum IS-10506 offered a potential treatment for children with AD. Further long-term studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of L. plantarum IS-10506 in AD.

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Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HADMSCs) and Human Hair Follicle Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HHFDMSCs) have attracted great interest because of their multilineage differentiation potential, selfrenewal properties, and their possible use of cell and gene therapies. This present study to investigate the neurogenic differentiation ability of hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs induced by Epidermal Growth Factors (EGF), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Forskolin. This study was true experimental with longitudinal study design. The sample size determined with minimal sample size formula and it was randomly chosen. These studies employed an in vitro design for the expansion and proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and examined the heterogeneity of these cells using the markers CD105, CD90, OCT4, and SOX2. MSCs from adipose tissue and hair follicles were induced with EGF, FGF, PDGF and Forskolin to differentiate and generate neurons. The capacity of MSCs to generate neurons were verified using glial fibrillary acidic protein, nestin, and β-tubulin III. The expression of neural markers and morphological changes in Mesenchymal stem cells from hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs were confirmed. hADMSCs and hHFDMSCs share a similar capacity to differentiate and generate neurons, which is beneficial for the development of neuronal restoration for future therapies for patients suffering from neurological diseases.

Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common dermatosis in children, that includes skin architecture defects, immune dysregulation, and changes of skin flora. Several new drugs have been found to reduce the severity of AD. Vitamin D is one of the new therapies that is still controversial. The purpose of this research is to conclude the efficacy of vitamin D on atopic dermatitis severity in children aged 0-18 years old. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Clinical Trial website, and university repositories including studies published from January 2010 through October 2020. We compared populations, intervention, study design, and outcomes. Statistical analysis was done with Review Manager 5.4.1. Results: Eight articles met eligibility and inclusion criteria, four articles provided complete data and were analysed. Not all studies demonstrated the efficacy of vitamin D but a meta-analysis of four studies of vitamin D supplementation vs placebo found a mean difference of -0.93 (95%CI -1.76, to -0.11, p<0.001) of patient outcome, but statistically, there was no difference in cure rate (risk ratio 1.46 (95%CI 0.72, to 2.97, p=0.008) in vitamin D supplementation groups compared to placebo groups. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation in paediatric atopic dermatitis patients could offer improvement of disease severity but the recommended dose and duration of administration cannot be concluded yet.

Background: Photoaging is an early skin aging process caused by sun exposure. Sunscreen is effective as a primary photo-protection to protect the skin from the dangers of ultraviolet radiation (UV) sunlight. However, sunscreen is often used in the wrong manner, so that it can reduce the effectiveness of the work of sunscreen. Purpose: To describe the knowledge and the practice of sunscreen usage among medical students of Universitas Airlangga and find out the relationship between the knowledge and the practice of sunscreen usage. Methods: This study is an analytic-observational study. Data were collected through questionnaire sheets that distributed to medical students of Universitas Airlangga class of 2016, 2017, and 2018. The results were analyzed using the Spearman test with a significance level of 1%. Result: Obtained total respondents that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 159 respondents, with 88.68% were female and 11.32% were male. Based on Fitzpatrick skin type, 55.97% respondents found with skin type-IV. There were 59.12% respondents got score of knowledge in the medium category and 64.78% respondents got score of practice also in the medium category. Based on analytic statistic correlation test between knowledge and practice of sunscreen usage, known that the significance value is equal to 0,006 with coefficient correlation is equal to 0.216. Conclusion: The knowledge and the practice of sunscreen usage among medical students of Universitas Airlangga is already in a fairly good range. There is a parallel relationship between the knowledge and the practice of sunscreen usage among medical students of Universitas Airlangga but with a low level of correlation strength.

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory multifactorial disease that involves the pilosebaceous unit. The lesions of acne may be either non-inflammatory (comedones, which are blackheads or whiteheads) or inflammatory lesions (papules, nodules or pustules). The effects of diet and cosmetics on acne are still inconclusive. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between diet, cosmetics and the degree of AV. Methods: This was a hospital-based, analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The subjects were patients from the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatovenereology Department of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. The questionnaire was filled by the respondents and the degree of AV was graded by the specialist. Results: Among the types of diet, white bread (p=0.039), chocolate (p=0.044) and oily food (p=0.013) are significantly associated with the degree of AV. However, white rice, potatoes and milk were insignificantly related to degree of AV (p>0.05). No significant association was found in cosmetics (cleanser, moisturizer, facial protection, exfoliators and decorative cosmetics) with the degree of AV (p>0.05). Conclusions: The factors that have an influence on the degree of AV are white bread, chocolate and oily food intake.

Background: Chronic plantar ulcers are common problems for leprosy patients with numb feet due to their prolonged healing time. Chronic plantar ulcers affect the quality of life of patients and can lead to more serious complications, such as disability and deformity, if not handled appropriately. Wound-care products in the market, however, give unsatisfactory results. One factor in the delayed healing of chronic plantar ulcers due to leprosy is the lack of growth factors and cytokines in the wound due to reduced blood supply. We speculated that application of human amniotic membrane stem cell (hAMSC) secretome, which contains growth factors and cytokines, could improve wound healing. Aim: To evaluate the effect of topical application of a hAMSC secretome gel on wound healing of chronic plantar ulcers due to leprosy. Materials and Methods: We recruited 11 patients after leprosy treatment with chronic plantar ulcers due to leprosy. hAMSC secretome gel was applied topically to ulcers every 3 days for up to 2 months. Ulcer size and possible side effects or complications from gel application were evaluated weekly. Results: The ulcers of 8 of 11 patients (72.7%) completely healed, the ulcers of 2 patients (18.2%) partially healed, and the ulcers of 1 patient (9.1%) persisted. No ulcers became worse. Conclusion: hAMSC secretome was found to be an efficacious and well-tolerated alternative therapy for chronic plantar ulcers due to leprosy.