Kitin dan kitosan merupakan polimer yang banyak digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi. Polimer jenis ini banyak ditemukan di organisme krustaseae dan serangga. Hermetia illucens merupakan salah satu serangga yang memiliki kandungan kitin pada cangkangnya. Sumber organisme kitin menentukan sifat fisikokimia dari kitin yang diekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi kitin dari H. illucens dan mengubahnya menjadi kitosan. Kitin dan kitosan yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah dan mikroskop elektron. Ekstraksi kitin dari H. illucens menghasilkan randemen sebanyak 17,93%. Hasil deasetilasi kitin tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kitosan yang diperoleh memiliki sifat yang khas untuk kitosan. Derajat deasetilasi yang diperoleh sebesar 74,74%. Pencitraan dengan menggunakan mikroskop elektron menunjukkan morfologi permukaan kitosan lebih kasar dan rapat daripada morfologi permukaan kitin. Kata kunci: deasetilasi, kitin, kitosan, hermetia illucens
Oyster mushroom is one of the organisms that can be used as a chitosan source. Chitosan can be produced from chitin through deacetylation. As a chitin derivative compound, chitosan has immense application. In this study, chitin and chitosan were isolated from oyster mushrooms as much as 1.696% and 0.174% from 500 g of dried mushroom. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan is 80.70%. As a polycationic polymer, one of its applications is a metal adsorbent. Cr metal is a heavy metal that is mostly found in leather industrial waste. Chitosan is used as a Cr metal adsorbent to reduce Cr metal content in the solution. This study showed that there was a reduction of Cr metal content as much as 82.75%. Thus, chitosan isolated from oyster mushrooms in this study has the potential to be a bio-adsorbent in order to reduce Cr metal content in leather industrial waste.
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