The study was conducted to determine the distinguishing characteristics of the fourth-instar larvae that used to identify the six species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Basrah Province. Some morphological characteristics, pectin teeth, comb scales, lateral palatine brush filaments, and microspine patterns on the siphon were studied by using the scanning electron microscopy technique. The results showed that there are morphological differences in these micro-structures between the species, Aedes caspius (Pallas, 1771), Culex pipines (Linnaeus, 1758), Culex pusillus Macquart, 1850, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles,1901, Culiseta longiareolata (Mecquart, 1838) and Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards, 1913.
Information on the scorpions' fauna of Iraq is limited especially in Thi Qar Province. The scorpion specimens of the present study were collected from the desert area which is located between the provinces of Thi Qar and Al-Muthana (Al-Kata'a region). The Scorpio kruglovi (Birula, 1910) redescribed in this study was found in this area.The diagnostic characters are given and the important features are figured.
Ninety six for each healthy(n=96)and atopic,(n=96)individuals duals from the same geographical region, paired by sex and age, their sera specific IgE antibodies were estimated by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay test (ELISA) and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction based onHLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 andHLA-DRB1*12.The specific IgE based on ELISA results revealed that Out of 96 only59 (61.5%) of atopic patients were sensitive to CR allergen. The association between sensitivity to CR allergen and age was considered to be not statistically significant (P>0.05).However the higher rate of CR allergens sensitivity(62.9%) was observed in first age group(<45 year) of atopic patients. In contrast the effect of sex on sensitivity to CR allergens was considered to be statistically significant (p<0.05) and the higher rate of sensitivity(75.6%) was observed in atopic patients males.The overall differences in the HLA-DQB1*0602, HLA-DQB1*0604 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles frequency between patients and controlswerestatistically (p<0.05).According to the results of risk factors statistical analysis values(p:value = 0.0001; 210 highly significant (p<0.01) concerning the effect of the age and sex. In general the allele HLA-DRB1*12 was not observed in both atopic patients and controls in contrast HLA-DQB1*0602 was present in atopic patients only while HLA-DQB1*0604 appeared in both patients and controls with different frequencies The older atopic patients showed higher frequency (61.8% ) for the HLA-DQB1*0602 allele . In contrast higher frequency of HLA-DQB1*0604 allele occurred in younger patients(40.3%) .According to sex ,the higher frequency of HLA-QB1*0602allele was observed in males patients(31.7%)while the allele HLA-DQB1*0604 higher frequency(17.9 %)was observed in the females of the control group.The overall frequency of HLA-DQB1*0602(60.4%)orHLA-DQB1*0604(39.6%) as a single allele was observed in the seropositive or seronegative atopic patients.The seropositive showed higher frequency(35.6 and 15.3%) for HLA-DQB1*0602and HLA-DQB1*0604 respectively.
This study aimed to investigate the monthly changes in the diversity and abundance of Odonata naiad's species for the period from December 2017 to November 2018 from three temporary pools in different areas of Basrah Province, including Abu Gossra-Abu Al-Kassib District (station 1), Al-Masehab- Al-Hartha district (station 2) and Al-Jalal - Al-Madina District (Station 3). Some environmental factors were measured, as water temperatures ranged between (12-38 ° C) while the salinity ranged between (1.2-14 ‰). Ten species of Odonata naiads were recorded, including eight species of Suborder Anisoptera and two species of Suborder Zygoptera. The highest diversity of naiads (9 species) was in St.1 and St.2, and the lowest diversity (8 species) was in St.3. Statistical analysis showed significant effect of environmental factors on the abundance of naiads during sampling period between stations and months. The highest relative abundance was 70% for Crocothemis servilia during January, while the lowest relative abundance was 0.98. % for Diplacodes lefebvrei during April. Environmental indexes of Anisoptera naiads in Basrah showed that their communities are poor in diversity and turbulent, balanced or semi balanced according to the standard values. Jacquard index showed the highest qualitative similarity between St.2 and St.3, and the lowest between St.1 and St.2.
The study included collecting monthly samples of the aquatic stage of Anopheles mosquitoes for the period from January 2009 to December 2010 for a number of permanent and temporary stations in Basra city, which included the areas of Al-Faw, Abu Al-Khasib, Shatt Al-Arab, Karma Ali, Al-Sweib and Al-Madina. A range of environmental factors was measured, such as water temperature, salinity, and pH and dissolved oxygen. The monthly changes for a full year showed the effect of these factors on the presence and density of immature stage, so the water of the fixed five sample collection stations tended to be neutral to basic during most of the study period and that it had an oxygen content of 11.2 mg / liter and did not reach the critical limit at any time. The average water temperature ranged from 7.5 to 32.2 degrees, the salinity rates ranged between 2.5 and 5.3 parts per thousand. The results also showed a difference in the distribution and spread of these roles, so it appeared that individuals of the species A. stephensi were more present than the members of the species A.pulcherrimus in Basra city, where the eggs of the A. stephensi appeared in just five months, with a total of 6-25 eggs, and larvae were present in all the study months except for July, the study recorded its highest density in October 2009, which was 277.5 larvae / half liter of water, while the lowest density of 7 larvae / half liter of water was in August, and the virginity density ranged between 1.3-22 virgin / pint of water. Regarding the species A.pulcherrimus, the annual number of eggs ranged between 3-8 eggs, while the highest density of its larvae in March reached 163 larvae / half a liter of water, and the lowest density was recorded at 2/1 pint of water in June and August 2990, and it did not appear in July and September, the annual density of virgins ranged between 0.7 and 19 virgins per liter of water.
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