Due to the presence of Distribution Generation (DG), power system becomes more complicated and stability of power is the main challenging task. Saturation of Current Transformer (CT) imposes great dilemma on differential relaying scheme. This manuscript presents a new differential algorithm for distribution transformer protection which adaptively set its characteristic in the event of CT saturation. The proposed scheme is capable to detect magnetizing inrush condition, high resistance internal fault and discriminate external fault with CT saturation. The validation of the proposed scheme is done by simulating a part of the power system in PSCADTM software and programming in MATLAB software. A Full Cycle Discrete Fourier Transform (FCDFT) is implemented to validate the differential protective scheme for 15 MVA, 66/11 kV distribution transformer. An adaptive concept of the differential characteristic is employed in the algorithm to maintain the stability of relay during external fault with CT saturation. Validation and authenticity of the proposed technique are carried out with various test condition generated under wide variation in system parameters. The result on 2 kVA, 230/110 V, single phase transformer shows that the proposed scheme is capable to discriminate inrush, internal and external fault also with CT saturation conditions.
In recent years there is a considerable growth and development in the field of automation both in industry and residential areas. The production rates of industries have considerably increased in recent years leading to the shortage of labours. Industries generally manufacture same type of products with little variation in size, colour, weight and shape. Here sorting of defective object plays an important role as these industries cannot afford any human errors for sorting products. Thus, it becomes absolutely necessary to develop a system that could sort these objects without any human interference & in accurate manner. Automation industries focuses on developing automation having long durability, low cost, less maintenance, and to make system as user friendly as possible. Thus, we have developed a system for sorting object with any metallic impurities using sensor and motor controlled by Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) and the conveyor in the system passes the object through sensors and hence sorting logic is decided.
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