Aims The aim of the present study was to prove the efficiency of Color Doppler and Spectral Doppler in evaluation and characterization of the ovarian neoplasm. Materials and Methods In total, 104 patients with adnexal masses were examined sonographically to evaluate for morphologic characteristics, as well as pulsatility indices (PI), and resistance indices (RI) over a period of 2 years, of which 20 were excluded as the masses were not finally proven to be adnexal, and thus 84 patients with ovarian neoplasm were retained as the study subjects. The final diagnosis was based on histopathologic confirmation. Result Out of 84 cases, 44 were benign and 40 were malignant. Color Doppler showed vascularity in 97.5 % of malignant tumors in contrast to only 68.1 % of benign tumors. The present study showed that, 87.5 % of malignant tumors had PI less than 0.8 in contrast to only 4.54 % of benign tumors. Similarly, 82.5 % of malignant tumors had RI less than 0.6 in contrast to only 6.81 % of benign tumors. Conclusion Multiparameter analysis utilizing B-mode USG along with Color Doppler and Spectral Doppler is the mainstay in diagnosis of patients with ovarian tumors. A good specificity (84.1 %) and sensitivity (97.5 %) with PI and RI values of \1.0 and \0.6, respectively, was achieved with the present study which is highly significant in differentiating between malignant and benign ovarian tumours.

Objective: We present our experience of managing six cases of cystitis cystica, which mimicked a bladder tumour. Materials and Methods: Six cases of cystitis cystica were diagnosed over a period of five years (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Age varied from 26 to 54 years of which four patients were male and two were females. All of them presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), urinary tract infection (UTI) in 3 patients and mild intermittent hematuria in 2 patients. Clinical examination and routine laboratory tests were normal except for presence of leucocytes and blood in urine. Ultrasound (USG) revealed thickened bladder wall with polypoidal lesions suspicious of malignancy. Urinary cytology was negative for malignant cells. Cystoscopy revealed multiple papillary lesions arising from the bladder neck and trigone. There was conspicuous absence of a blood vessel core in the centre of the papillary fronds. Transurethral biopsy of the bladder lesion revealed cystitis cystica with no evidence of malignancy. Four out of six patients responded well to conservative treatment with long-term oral antibiotics as per the culture and sensitivity reports. Transurethral resection was required in only two patients due to lesions causing obstructive symptoms. Patients were followed up with history and clinical examination, urinary cytology and ultrasonographic monitoring of the lesions. Results:Of the six cases TUR, resection was required in only 2 patients with obstructing lesions and remaining 4 were managed conservatively. Conclusion:Cystitis cystica is a rare benign condition that can mimic bladder tumour. Cystoscopic appearance is typical and biopsy confirms the diagnosis. Treatment is usually conservative. TUR resection is required in selected cases. Long-term follow up is essential, as cystitis cystica is a premalignant disease of the urinary bladder.

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Virtual poster abstractsConclusions: In this study we assume that if the decrease of PI-CMA is a consequence of a mild hypoxia which accompanies prolonged pregnancy, the decrease of PI-UA, especially in large fetuses, may be a sign of covert cardiac function deterioration. In such situations normal CPR does not indicate the satisfactory fetal condition. An assessment of the type of AoI blood flow velocity waveforms is a valuable adjunct to current fetal surveillance protocols used in the prolonged pregnancy. Such dynamics of changes in Doppler tests requires also an expert assessment of the fetal and neonatal cardiac function before delivery and postpartum.