The level of TSOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Mn SOD isoenzyme activity decreased with age in LECs of patients with age-related cataract. A significant difference in the level of TSOD and Cu/Zn-SOD isoenzyme activity between different types of cataract was observed. The activity of all 3 SOD isoenzymes was highest in cortical cataracts.
Purpose To evaluate the short-term protective effects of oestradiol against damages because of oxidative stress in human lens epithelial cells (LECs). Methods The central zone of human lens epithelium was obtained from the cataract surgery and cultured in MEM culture medium. These cultured LECs were treated with 17b-oestradiol for varying time intervals from 1 to 5 min followed by treatment with H 2 O 2 (5 Â 10 À6 M) in the culture medium. Catalase activity was measured to access the oxidative stress levels. Results LECs exposed to H 2 O 2 (5 Â 10 À6 M) showed a fourfold increase in catalase activity (407.03±89.11 U/lg protein) after 6 h when compared to cultured unexposed LECs (97.124±9.4 U/lg protein). When the cultured LECs were treated with oestradiol (5 Â 10 À8 M) before H 2 O 2 treatment, the increase in catalase activity was inhibited, whereas simultaneous and post-treatments showed no effect. The catalase activity of LECs pretreated with oestradiol for 1, 2, 3 ,and 5 min was 259. 92±18.37, 200.24±14.39, 140.50±19.83, and 110.01±14.66, respectively (Po0.0001). Conclusion Antioxidative enzymes are synthesized in response to the oxidative stress signal. Upon treatment with oestrogen catalase is not synthesized. The pretreatment time of oestrogen required for its antioxidative effect can be seen within 5 min indicating non-genomic mode of action of oestrogen.
Oxidative stress has been proposed as a common underlying mechanism of cataractogenesis. Experimental and observational data suggest that micronutrients like vitamin C and vitamin E with antioxidant capabilities may retard the development of age-related cataract. Effect of these factors on lens epithelium cells, center of lens metabolic activities, is not completely elucidated. The aim of present study was to examine the effect of vitamin C and E on surgically removed lens epithelium cells of patients with cataract. Capsulorhexis samples were collected from 170 patients, admitted for cataract surgery. Catalase specific activity was estimated in lens epithelium cells with and without vitamin (C or E) treatment at different concentration for different time duration. Student's t-test was employed for data analysis. We observed that in ex-vivo condition, a) both vitamin C and E bring about a decrease in catalase activity in lens epithelial cells. b) vitamin C showed toxic effect at high concentration. c) 100µM was the optimum concentration at which both vitamins showed maximum antioxidant activity. It was concluded that both vitamin C and E has direct effect on lens epithelium cells.At optimum concentration, they can reduce oxidative stress in these cells thus can support to prevent or delay cataract development.
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