<p>Production of domestic fresh milk has not yet meet the national milk demand, so high amount of milk is still imported (88.56%). The distribution of the dairy cattle population is still concentrated in Java Island (98.84%) which already has limited available land resources. The low productivity of dairy cow is due to the decline in the quality of breed, limited feed and capital. The business scale majority is still low, although its institutional aspect has been well established with the existence of cooperatives and the milk processing industry. This paper discusses the strategies and policies for developing dairy cows in areas outside Java which are appropriate from the upstream to the downstream aspects. The development of dairy cows in areas outside Java Island is still slow, even experiencing a population decline in the last 4 years by 66.21% compared to that in Java that has an increase of 22.09%. Barriers include weak human resource factors, lack of availability of feed (forages and concentrates), low milk productivity and quality, and the production market which is the main thing in dairy business has not been developed. There were many obstacles encountered when dairy cow development program in areas outside Java island was established. Therefore, it requires strategies and policies as well as steps that must be carried out on target. There are several things that need to be done, namely selecting the location, procuring the right breed, training the human resources (target breeders), planting forage and making concentrates, and the main thing is institutional development (upstream to downstream), especially institutions for milk production and marketing. Routine assistance by related agencies and other institutions is needed to ensure the sustainability of dairy farming outside Java.</p>
Diskriminasi terhadap etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia terjadi sejak masa pemerintahan kolonial Hindia Belanda, yang berlanjut hingga saat ini. Strategi politik devide et impera pada masa penjajahan tersebut menghasilkan warisan stigma negatif dan cenderung rasis dari pihak pribumi kepada etnis Tionghoa, dan atau sebaliknya. Kini, muncul isu baru dimana rezim pemerintahan Tiongkok melakukan persekusi terhadap etnis Uighur, mayoritas Muslim di Xinjiang, yang diberitakan oleh hampir seluruh media mainstream nasional dan internasional. Isu tersebut diduga semakin memperkeruh hubungan antara penduduk lokal dengan etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia. Di tengah kondisi demikian, secara mengejutkan didapati koran berbahasa Mandarin yang bernama Guo Ji RI Bao membantah isu tersebut. Media dari kalangan Tionghoa yang tumbuh kembang di Indonesia ini mengusung isu keragaman agama dan moderasi beragama dalam pemberitaannya, termasuk dalam hal pemberitaan mengenai konflik tersebut. Hadirnya koran ini tentu saja menjadi ‘opini pembanding’ bagi warga etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia. Koran ini mengklarifikasi bahwa kasus persekusi yang dialami oleh warga Uighur adalah berita yang tidak benar dan dilebih-lebihkan. Dan hemat penulis, isu yang disampaikan oleh media Guo Ji Ri Bao tentu saja dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor tertentu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab “bagaimana media Guo Ji Ri Bao mengonstruksi isu keragaman agama dan moderasi beragama dalam pemberitaan konflik etnis Uighur di Xinjiang?” dan “Apa saja faktor dominan yang paling berpengaruh dalam pemberitaan konfilik etnis Uyghur di Xinjiang pada media ini?”
Photojournalism is one of the various channels to convey messages in visual form. It is a combination of images and texts that produces a single communication unit that reflects events and issues in a society. In the A8 section of Guo Ji Ri Bao, a Mandarin-language newspaper in Indonesia, dated September 25, 2020, seven photojournalism materials were discovered to contain signs and symbols related to Islam Wasathiyah value. This implied message indicated the media’s “agenda” in presenting reality or social issues, where the agenda typically corresponds to the ideology of the media itself. The media construct the frame of mind for their readers even with symbols and this study originated with the formulation of the main problem: “How is the value of Islam wasathiyah reflected in photojournalism on the Guo Ji Ri Bao newspaper viewed from the perspective of meanings and media?” An analysis of semiotics, structuralism, connotation and denotation based on Gill Branston and Roy Stafford's Meanings and Media perspective were utilized in this study. It was discovered that Guo Ji Ri Bao newspaper played a significant role in conveying the value of Islam Wasathiyah. This value is important to convey to all levels of society even through photos because it will be one of the ways to preach (da’wah) that lead us to a happy, peaceful, and harmonious life.***Foto jurnalistik merupakan salah satu saluran penyampai pesan dalam bentuk visual. Foto jurnalistik terbentuk sebagai kombinasi dari gambar dan teks yang menghasilkan satu kesatuan komunikasi yang mencerminkan makna tersendiri dan permasalahan dalam masyarakat. Pada media Guo Ji Ri Bao surat kabar berbahasa Mandarin di Indonesia, pada rubrik A8 25 September 2020, ditemukan tujuh materi foto jurnalistik yang memuat tanda dan simbol terkait nilai Islam wasathiyah. Pesan yang tersirat ini berkaitan dengan “agenda” media dalam menyajikan realitas atau isu-isu sosial yang terjadi. Agenda sebuah media erat kaitannya dengan ideologi media itu sendiri. Sehingga, media kerap mengkonstruksi bingkai pemikiran pembacanya bahkan dengan unsur simbol dan tanda sekalipun. Studi ini hadir dengan rumusan masalah utama: “Bagaimana nilai Islam wasathiyah dalam foto jurnalistik pada surat kabar Guo Ji Ri Bao dalam perspektif meanings and media, dengan fokus menggali aspek semiotika, strukturalisme, dan makna konotasi dan denotasi berdasarkan perspektif makna dan media karya Gill Branston dan Roy Stafford. Kesimpulan pada penelitian menyatakan bahwa surat kabar Guo Ji Ri Bao memainkan peran penting dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai Islam wasathiyah. Nilai ini penting untuk disampaikan kepada seluruh lapisan masyarakat bahkan melalui foto karena akan menjadi salah satu corong dakwah untuk mengantarkan kita pada tatanan kehidupan yang aman, damai, tenteram, dan bahagia.
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