VD supplementation in VD-deficient women with PCOS significantly decreases the bioavailability of TGF-β1, which correlates with an improvement in some abnormal clinical parameters associated with PCOS. This is a novel mechanism that could explain the beneficial effects of VD supplementation in women with PCOS. These findings may support new treatment modalities for PCOS, such as the development of anti-TGF-β drugs.

Healthcare worker's willingness to care for Ebola patients did not precisely mirror their beliefs about the ethics of refusing to provide care, they were strongly influenced by concerns about potentially exposing families and friends to Ebola virus disease.

Objective. To investigate patient knowledge and attitudes toward surgical approaches in gynecology. Design. An anonymous Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved questionnaire survey. Patients/Setting. A total of 219 women seeking obstetrical and gynecological care in two offices affiliated with an academic medical center. Results. Thirty-four percent of the participants did not understand the difference between open and laparoscopic surgeries. 56% of the participants knew that laparoscopy is a better surgical approach for patients than open abdominal surgeries, while 37% thought that laparoscopy requires the surgeon to have a higher technical skill. 46% of the participants do not understand the difference between laparoscopic and robotic procedures. 67.5% of the participants did not know that the surgeon moves the robot's arms to perform the surgery. Higher educational level and/or history of previous abdominal surgeries were associated with the highest rates of answering all the questions correctly (p < 0.05), after controlling for age and race. Conclusions. A substantial percentage of patients do not understand the difference between various surgical approaches. Health care providers should not assume that their patients have an adequate understanding of their surgical options and accordingly should educate them about those options so they can make truly informed decisions.

Aim To determine the predictors of hypertension among nonpregnant females attending a health promotion clinic. Design and Setting A cross-sectional study was conducted during March to June 2016, at the National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, India. Methods The study included 319 nonpregnant females of age 20–70 years. Demographics such as age, literacy, and income were noted. History regarding use, frequency, and quantity of smokeless tobacco was taken. Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured and body mass index was calculated. Statistical Analysis Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient was calculated between each of the variables of age, smokeless tobacco consumption, and body mass index versus systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. The linear as well as multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify the risk factors for hypertension. Results A univariate linear regression analysis showed that age, smokeless tobacco consumption, and body mass index were associated with systolic blood pressure (P value < 0.001 for each). For diastolic blood pressure, high body mass index was a predictor. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that both systolic and diastolic hypertension were associated with high body mass index and low level of education. Moreover, the systolic hypertension was associated with higher age and smokeless tobacco use. Conclusion Health promotion requires control of body mass index and smokeless tobacco cessation for preventing hypertension and its complications.

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Background: The study is based on the fact that a lower volume of local anesthetic drugs for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block is useful for upper limb surgeries lasting for a shorter duration, and result in a lower incidence of complications. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of 35 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery. Setting: Patients undergoing upper limb surgery in an industry-based government hospital in New Delhi, India. Patients were followed in the operation theater and the recovery room. Design: The study design involves a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 participants were recruited for this study. Twenty participants in each group (referred to as group 20 and 30) received 20 mL and 35 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine, respectively, in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSS version 15 and a value of P < 0.05% was considered statistically significant. The statistical tests used included Student's t -test to compare values between the two groups for the mean of parametric data, Mann–Whitney U-test for a median of nonparametric data, and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for the categorical data. Results: The sensory and motor block onset in group 20 was 18.06 ± 3.04 and 23.89 ± 2.14 min, respectively. The sensory and motor block onset in group 30 was 17 ± 2.01 and 23.75 ± 2.22 min, respectively. The duration of analgesia in group 20 and 30 was 575.56 ± 104.39 and 730.75 ± 102.09 min, respectively ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: The onset of sensory and motor block of 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine is comparable to 35 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery. There was a 21% decrease in the duration of analgesia with a decrease in volume of 0.5% ropivacaine from 35 mL to 20 mL.

The study was designed to investigate the impact of certain socio personal variables on the youths’ Adjustment of Rajkot district. The sample consisted of 240 youths’ (120 Male/120 Female) selected randomly from Rajkot district. Revised Adjustment Inventory (RAI) of Dr. Pramodkumar was used. Data were analysis by ‘F’ test and‘t’ test. Results revealed that there exists a significant difference between the youths’ gender and their Adjustment. No significant difference was found between the youths’ Area, Education, Age, Type of family, Family members and Education faculty their Adjustment.

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