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Small scale process for the production of peanut milk was developed from M-522 variety of peanut. Three treatments i.e. traditional, 1% NaHCO3 soaking and pressure blanching (at 121 °C, 15 psi for 2, 3 and 5 mins) were given for the preparation of peanut milk. The milks so obtained were analyzed for chemical composition and also subjected to organoleptic evaluation using nine point hedonic scale by semi trained panel of judges. Peanut milk prepared by pressure blanching (at 121 °C, 15 psi for 3 min) was found most acceptable method. The proximate composition of the most acceptable peanut milk prepared by pressure blanching (at 121 °C, 15 psi for 3 min) was found to be moisture 88.22%, ash 0.16%, fat 1.65%, protein 3.27%, total solids 11.78%. Based on the results it was concluded that the pressure blanching was found most acceptable method for the preparation of peanut milk beverage although it had the negative effect on the protein and total solid extraction.

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The distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) has been investigated in a series of sections passing through the medulla oblongata and pons of the squirrel brain. A comparison of the two enzymes has given an interesting picture of their selective localization in the different nuclei. Marked AChE activity has been observed in the cranial nerve nuclei. BChE activity in various nuclei of the medulla oblongata and pons is variable and occurs diffusely between the cells. Possible reasons pertaining to marked variation in AChE and BChE contents of various nuclei and fiber tracts have been discussed.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of cow urine and combination of antioxidants against lindane induced oxidative stress in Swiss mice. Male healthy mice, 8-10 weeks old, weighing 30 ± 5 g were randomly selected and divided into eight groups, namely, control (C); lindane (L); antioxidant (A), antioxidant+lindane (A+L), cow urine (U), cow urine+lindane (U+L), cow urine+antioxidants (U+A) and cow urine+antioxidants+lindane (U+A+L). Group C animals were administered only the vehicle (olive oil); doses selected for other treatments were: lindane: 40 mg/kg b.w.; antioxidants: 125 mg/kg b.w. (vitamin C: 50 mg/kg b.w., vitamin E: 50 mg/kg b.w., α-lipoic acid: 25 mg/kg b.w.) and cow urine: 0.25 ml/kg b.w. In group A+L and U+L antioxidants and cow urine were administered 1 h prior to lindane administration and in group U+A and U+A+L cow urine was administered 10 min before antioxidants. All treatments were administered orally continuously for 60 days. Lindane treated group showed increased lipid peroxidation, whereas glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, protein and endogenous levels of vitamin C and E were significantly decreased compared to control. Administration of cow urine and antioxidants alleviated the levels of these biochemical parameters.