Garbage detection and disposal have become one of the major hassles in urban planning. Due to population influx in urban areas, the rate of garbage generation has increased exponentially along with garbage diversity. In this paper, we propose a hardware solution for garbage segregation at the base level based on deep learning architecture. The proposed deep-learning-based hardware solution SmartBin can segregate the garbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable using Image classification through a Convolutional Neural Network System Architecture using a Real-time embedded system. Garbage detection via image classification aims for quick and efficient categorization of garbage present in the bin. However, this is an arduous task as garbage can be of any dimension, object, color, texture, unlike object detection of a particular entity where images of objects of that entity do share some similar characteristics and traits. The objective of this work is to compare the performance of various pre-trained Convolution Neural Network namely AlexNet, ResNet, VGG-16, and InceptionNet for garbage classification and test their working along with hardware components (PiCam, raspberry pi, infrared sensors, etc.) used for garbage detection in the bin. The InceptionNet Neural Network showed the best performance measure for the proposed model with an accuracy of 98.15% and a loss of 0.10 for the training set while it was 96.23% and 0.13 for the validation set.

The sociological and political issues of caste and the rule of law in the annihilation of its victims continue to be the reasons behind a surge of scholarly literature that has existed within the domains of public discourse. The researcher seeks to explore Amartya Sen’s conversion handicap thesis in the context of reservation strictly in higher education, followed by a brief relevance of Nussbaum’s human rights perspective in light of India’s international obligations as signatory and ratifier of the International Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) as well as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), in 1979. This section makes way for an empirical enquiry into the failure of the governance initiatives towards capability building, by governance initiatives failing to provide for the gradual introduction of these communities into the social mainstream. The second section shall examine how the design and the model of implementation of the present reservation system fail to provide for adequate social justice. The third and final section shall sum up the major fronts where the government initiatives at ensuring substantive equality have failed, with a conclusion speaking about possible alternatives. The very purpose of this article is to debunk certain myths about the equity and as the degrees of equality that exist within the current reservation regime and the average disadvantage that a scheduled member faces today.

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The juxtaposition of legal sovereignty against international duty (in the form of fostering greater respect for human rights across the globe) became one of the founding attributes of the post World War II political regime. Several human rights legislations were coined, deliberated upon, and ratified. However, the fact that ratification alone has not led to better human rights regime is something that many would not deny. In fact, this entire concept of drafting soft law principles has been cynically questioned by critics, citing the lack of a proper enforcement mechanism and real legitimacy as reasons for its failure. Moreover, several empirical studies have been evidence of the fact that respect for human rights is more intrinsically connected with ancillary principles such as a democratic regime, the strength of participation of civil society, the conflict status of a country and several others, and not treaty ratification alone. It is this claim that the researcher has analyzed in the course of this paper

As European, American and Asian investment banks continue to deal with the fallout of the worldwide credit and liquidity crunch, it is crucial to appreciate that a significant causal origin of the 2008 crisis was the management of the alternative financial sector and specifically, in the regulation of both domestic and offshore hedge funds. Although the industry has often been beneficial for the financial system, critics believe that these benefits have accrued at a cost. Significant ‘systemic’ risks that have plagued the domestic financial systems as a direct consequence of hedge funds operating both the credit and the market channel (largely on the basis of unlimited leverage), are domino leverage failure, asset price downward spirals and money laundering, among others. Naturally, the need to manage and regulate the industry, and more importantly, how to do so, has gained importance in industry dialogue. Through this paper, the authors seek to design an effective capital markets regulatory design for hedge funds.