Kanker payudara merupakan kanker terbanyak di Indonesia dengan angka mortalitas yang tinggi. Kandungan acetogenin, alkaloid, tannin, dan flavonoid pada daun sirsak dipercaya dapat menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun sirsak terhadap viabilitas cell line kanker payudara T47D secara in vitro. Metode: Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan metode MTT menggunakan cell line T47D yang dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirsak dan tiga variasi masa inkubasi serta pengulangan sebanyak empat kali. Pemeriksaan dibaca menggunakan xMark microplate reader dan selanjutnya ditentukan konsentrasi ekstrak yang dapat menghambat 50% viabilitas sel. Hasil: Ada penurunan viabilitas sel seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yang diberikan pada ketiga masa inkubasi. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang dapat menghambat 50% viabilitas sel pada masa inkubasi 24 jam 569,8μg/ml, 48 jam 431,6 μg/ml, dan 72 jam 94,26 μg/ml. Simpulan: Ekstrak daun sirsak berpengaruh terhadap viabilitas cell line kanker payudara T47D dan dapat menghambat 50% viabilitas sel pada konsentrasi 94,26 μg/ml pada masa inkubasi 72 jam yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker.

AbstrakSuatu senyawa obat dapat menjadi kemoterapi kanker adalah dengan cara menskrining terlebih dahulu tumbuhan obat yang berpotensi sebagai obat antikanker. Salah satunya adalah tanaman obat daun nimba (Azadirachta indica L.Juss) yang terbukti secara significant menyebabkan apoptosis pada beberapa jenis sel line kanker. Dalam penelitian ini, ekstrak ethanol dari A. indica dipelajari untuk melihat efeknya pada pertumbuhan sel kanker payudara manusia jenis MDA-MB-231 dengan menggunakan tes untuk proliferasi yaitu MTT assai dan untuk mengetahui perubahan morphologi dari apoptosis selnya dengan menggunakan TUNEL assay Ekstrak daun nimba (A. indica) dapat menurunkan keberadaan jumlah sel kanker dengan cara menghambat perkembangan daripada sel tersebut dan menginduksi proses apoptosis pada sel kanker tersebut. Hasil pemeriksaan MTT assai didapatkan nilai IC50 nya adalah 55 ug / mL. Kematian MDA-MB231 sel yang disebabkan oleh ekstrak daun nimba (A.indica) ditemukan melalui mekanisme apoptosis yang secara morfologinya menunjukan ciri ciri dari kematian secara apoptosis seperti kondensasi dari nucleus, membrane nukleus yang melebur dan akhirnya terjadinya fragmentasi dari DNA. Analisis struktur dalaman sel juga mengungkapkan karakteristik apoptosis yaitu marginasi dari kromosom yang disertai dengan fragmentasi DNA dan selanjutnya akan terbentuk badan apoptotik pada sel kanker yang diinkubasi dengan ekstrak tersebut. Pada penelitian ini juga dijumpai peningkatan jumlah sel apoptosis dari hari 1 sampai hari 3 inkubasi oleh ekstrak nimba. Ekstrak ethanol A.indica mungkin mengandung senyawa bioaktif(s) yang menyebabkan kanker payudara MDA-MNB 231 mengalami kematian sel secara apoptosis. Penelitian lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk mengetahui mekanisme tumbuhan ini membunuh sel kanker MDA-MB 231. AbstractA screening is conducted on plants that have potential as anticancer is a promising way for discovering novel chemotherapeutic compound. A medicinal plant neem leaf (Azadirachta indica L.Juss) intake has been shown to induce significant levels of apoptosis in various cancer cells. In this present study, ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica was studied for its effects on growth in MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer cells using assays for proliferation (MTT assay) and mechanisme of cell apoptosis using TUNEL assay. Neem leaf extract decreased cell viability, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis. Result of MTT assay was 55 µg/mL of neem remarkably reduced cell viability of MDA-MB 231 cells. MDA-MB231 cell death elicited by the extract was found to be apoptotic in nature based the indication of nucleus condensation, shrinkage of nucleus membrane and also DNA fragmentation which are a hallmark of apoptosis. In addition, ultrastructural analysis also revealed apoptotic characteristics which are the presence of chromatin margination and apoptotic bodies in the extract-treated cells. There was an increase in the number of apoptotic cells from day 1 to day 3 post incubation with neem extract. Thus, the results fro...

Objective:This study aims to determine the ameliorative effect of vitamin E (vit E) on histological features and androgen binding protein (ABP) levels in rats induced by allethrin.Materials and Methods:Thirty sexually mature male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 300 gm, and aging 3 months were taken for this study and were divided into three groups: negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and treatment (T) groups. The PC and T groups were induced by allethrin 12 h per day for 31 days; however, only the T group was given vit E orally at 1 ml/gm body weight (BW) each day for 14 days. The paraffin block method was used to measure tubules’ diameter, thickness of the seminiferous epithelial layer, and Sertoli cell number. The ABP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The results showed that vit E gave significant effect (p < 0.05) on tubular diameter at NC 123.67 ± 12.77, PC 147.16 ± 10.64, and T 130.08 ± 10.00; tubular epithelial thickness at NC 33.55 ± 3.21, PC 30.02 ± 1.53, and T 32.96 ± 2.81; Sertoli cells number at NC 55.48 ± 5.9, PC 43.84 ± 3.77, and T 53.44 ± 4.26; and ABP levels at NC 72.35 ± 39.06, PC 38, 48 ± 18.78, and T 86.10 ± 35.77, respectively.Conclusion:This study concludes that vit E has an ameliorative effect against the toxic effects of allethrin at testicular histological features and ABP levels.

Objective: This study aims to determine the apoptosis induction of HeLa cervical carcinoma cells death by dichloromethane fraction of the rinds of Garcinia cowa Roxb. Methods: Apoptosis induction of HeLa cell line was observed using a double staining method. Results: The result of double staining observation showed that an apoptosis occurs which marked with yellowish green fluorescence and cell fragmentation. The average percentage of apoptotic cells was higher in the treated variables (70.38%) compared to the control variables (12.26% ). Statistical analysis by Independent Sample T-Test showed apoptosis Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 (<0.025). Conclusion: The dichloromethane fraction of G. cowa rind induces apoptosis in HeLa cervical cancer cells.

This study aims to investigate and evaluate the mechanism action of cowanin, a cytotoxic xanthone isolated from ethanolic extract of the stem bark of asam kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb). This compound was isolated after successive column and radial chromatography to give a yellow needless crystal, m.p. 121-124 o C. Based on ultraviolet, infrared, mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic data and comparison with those of the literature, this compound was elucidated as cowanin. Since it had activity against T47D human breast cancer cell lines, further investigation of its mechanism activity was performed to explore the effects of cowanin on cell viability, migration of cells, and the cell cycle activities against T47D breast cancer cells. Viability of cell was carried out by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, migration of cells by scratch migration assay, and the cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry method. As a result of this investigation, it can be seen that cowanin could inhibited T47D cells' growth at concentration 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 µg/ml at 48 hours with the IC 50 value of 11.11 µg/ml. Cowanin exhibited inhibiting the cell migration T47D cells at concentration 11.1 μg/mL treated cells at 48 h was 0.32 fold compared to control, suggesting the potent inhibitory effect of it. Cowanin is caused in significant detention of T47D cells at the G0-G1 phase of the cell cycle. Based on these data, it can be concluded that cowanin is a potential candidate to be developed as an anticancer drug.

Objective: The present study investigated the sub acute toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction of asam kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb) Rinds in mice. Material and Methods: Sub acute toxicity study was carried out by giving orally at dose 500, 1000 dan 2000 mg / kgBW extract to five mice at 21 days. Animals were observed individually for any clinical signs of toxicity or mortality for 14 days. Measured parameters were SGPT levels, serum creatinine levels, weight ratio of liver and kidney. Extract was given orally at dose 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kgBW for 21 days. Observations were done on day 8th, 15th and 22th using blood serum, liver and kidneys of mice. Data were analyzed by using two-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction of G. cowa at doses 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kgBW gave significant effect on increasing SGPT levels and decreasing levels of serum creatinine (p <0.05). The length of treatment gave significant effect on decreasing levels of serum creatinine, weight ratio of liver and kidney (p <0.05). Conclusion: The dosage of the ethyl acetate fraction of asam kandis rinds provides significant effect on the SGPT and serum creatinine levels of male white mice. The duration of administration of ethyl acetate fraction of asam kandis rinds provides significant effect on serum creatinine levels, the weight ratio of liver and kidney organ of male white mice.Key words: Sub-acute toxicity, Garcinia cowa rinds, SGPT, Creatinine serum, Weight ratio of liver and kidney. Liver disorders characterized by elevated serum transaminase activity such SGPT (Serum Glutamic Piruvic Transaminases) in serum. 21 Kidney also the main target organ of the toxic effect, because its produce urine which is the main route of excretion toxicant and has a high volume of blood flow. One indicator of kidney damage is an increase or a decrease in creatinine levels in the body. Cite this 22 MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemicals and ReagentsAssay kits for kidney and liver function indices were products of Randox Laboratories limited, United Kingdom. Other chemicals and reagents were all of analytical grade. Plant Collection, Authentication and ExtractionFresh rinds of Garcinia cowa were collected from Batu Busuk, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia in August, 2015. The plant was identified and authenticated at the Herbarium Andalas University (ANDA) and was assigned a voucher number FSW-001 after which a voucher specimen was prepared and deposited at the University Herbarium. Fresh Rinds of G. cowa were then chopped into small pieces, air-dried at room temperature for 10 days to a constant weight and subsequently pulverized into fine powder. Powder sample (500 g) was soaked in 4 liters of 70% ethanol for 24 hours. The extract was filtered (with Whatman No. 1 filter paper) and the resulting filtrate was concentrated with a rotary evaporator (40°C). After that, the product was lyophilized to give 12.0 g of residue, according to a yield of 2.4%. This was then stored in a desiccator for further use. Experiment...

In this study it was concluded that for this sample of West Sumatran Women miR-21 expression in BC was higher than in FATs, whereas miR-10b was lower in BC than in FATs.

BACKGROUND: The expression of a gene is a process that conveys information of genes to synthesise gene product is functional. Alterations of the molecular biology in breast cancer are very complex because of many factors play a role in the tumorigenesis. RhoC is a prometastases gene. The PI3K gene is crucial in the regulation of multiple cellular functions, including cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and angiogenesis.AIM: This study aims to compare of RhoC and PI3K gene expression on the breast cancer tissue and benign tumour tissue.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Expression of the RhoC and PI3K genes was carried out with qPCR. The absolute quantification method was using breast cancer tissue. As a comparison, benign tumours (FATs) tissue was carried out. The standard curves were obtained from cloning target genes, which were inserted into the gGEMT-easy vector from E. coli. The gene expression data was carried out by t-test to see the mean difference between the expression of breast cancer tissue and benign tumours (FATs) with a value of p ≤ 0.005 in RhoC and PI3K gene expression. And the relationship between expressions was done by Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: The results showed that it was found that PI3K gene expression on breast cancer tissue was higher than the number in a benign tumour (fibroadenoma mammae) as an endogenous control. And also, the expression of RhoC is much lower on breast cancer tissue compared with a benign tumour. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that expression of RhoC affects the expression of PI3K so that the thing this is what causes the proliferation and began to provide support aggressive cancer cells in the breast.