Pistachio orchards and the frontier zone which had been laid with mines for a long time were determined as research area. Soil samples from mined area, cultural practices applied (use of pesticides, soil tillage and artificial fertilizers) and naturally growing pistachio orchards were taken to compare physical, chemical, biological characteristics and heavy metal contents. Experimental soils generally consisted of clay, clayey-loamy, silted-loamy, sandy loamy clay and loamy, included alkalireaction and were limy. The soil samples were salt-free and inadequate in terms of organic substances and total amount of N. The amount of K and Mg was fairly at high-levels and soil samples were poor in terms of extractive content of Fe. Moreover, amount of Mn and Zn was very low. Soil samples of our research area included high toxic level of lead. While there was a significant difference (P<0.05) among all areas in respect to the number of total aerobic mesophilic viable, it was found that the least number was in the mine fields and the highest number was in fields which were treated. The data obtained through this study is the first report on detailed soil structure analyses of the pistachio orchards and their comparison with mined area in Turkey.

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