This report evaluated the short and midterm results of the safety and effectiveness of the treatment technique with hybrid and non-hybrid Y-configured, dual stent-assisted coil embolization of wide-neck intracranial aneurysms, and reviewed the literature concerning this technique. Nine patients, eight with unruptured and one with ruptured aneurysms were included in the study. Of aneurysms embolized with a hybrid (with two different stents) and non-hybrid (with two identical stents) technique, three were located in the anterior communicating artery, three at the tip and one at the distal site of basilar artery, and two in the middle cerebral artery. All aneurysms included the orifices of bifurcation vessels. All aneurysms were stented and embolized during the same session. While Neuroform and Enterprise stents were used in the hybrid technique, two Enterprise stents were used in the non-hybrid technique. Dual Y-stent assisted coil embolization was performed successfully in eight of nine patients (88.9%), including five patients (55.6%) with hybrid and three patients (33.3%) with non-hybrid technique. No procedural complication, no mortality and no minor or major neurological complications were seen during the angiographic or clinical follow-up. When an attempt was made at passing the second stent through the first Enterprise stent, the stent protruded inside the aneurysm in one patient (11.1%). Hybrid or non-hybrid dual Y-stent-assisted coil embolization in the treatment of ruptured or unruptured wide-neck and complex intracranial aneurysms is a safe and effective method from the viewpoint of short and midterm results.

An increasing body of evidence suggests that the use of probiotic bacteria is a promising intervention approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with a polymicrobial etiology. P. gingivalis has been noted to have a different way of interacting with the innate immune response of the host compared to other pathogenic bacteria, which is a recognized feature that inhibits CXCL8 expression. Objective The aim of the study was to determine if P. gingivalis infection modulates the inflammatory response of gingival stromal stem cells (G-MSSCs), including the release of CXCL8, and the expression of TLRs and if immunomodulatory L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 could prevent CXCL8 inhibition in experimental inflammation.Material and Methods G-MSSCs were pretreated with L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 and then stimulated with P. gingivalis ATCC33277. CXCL8 and IL-10 levels were investigated with ELISA and the TLR-4 and 2 were determined through flow cytometer analysis.Results CXCL8 was suppressed by P. gingivalis and L. rhamnosus ATCC9595, whereas incubation with both strains did not abolish CXCL8. L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 scaled down the expression of TLR4 and induced TLR2 expression when exposed to P. gingivalis stimulation (p<0.01).Conclusions These findings provide evidence that L. rhamnosus ATCC9595 can modulate the inflammatory signals and could introduce P. gingivalis to immune systems by inducing CXCL8 secretion.

As conclusions; in NM, Gram-negative pathogens were seen more frequently; A.baumanni was the predominant pathogen; and NM caused by Gram negatives had worse clinical and laboratory characteristic and prognostic outcome than Gram positives.

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Hypersensitivity, local irritative and cytotoxic effects are known for the chemical components of Syzygium aromaticum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum contained in dental materials. However, there is no intimate data in dentistry using the whole extracts of these plants and introducing new ones. Salvia triloba is a well-known anti-inflammatory plant that correspondingly could be used in several dental traumas.Objectives:We aimed to show and compare the effect of S. aromaticum, C. zeylanicum, and S. triloba extracts on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses.Material and Methods:Using xCELLigence, a real time monitoring system, we obtained a growth curve of DPSCs with different concentrations of the Extracts. A dose of 10 μg/mL was the most efficient concentration for vitality. Osteogenic differentiation and anti-inflammatory activities were determined by using an ELISA Kit to detect early and late markers of differentiation.Results:The level of osteonectin (ON, early osteogenic marker) decreased, which indicated that the osteogenic differentiation may be accelerated with addition of extracts. However, the level of osteocalcin (OCN, late osteogenic marker and sign of calcium granulation) differed among the extracts, in which S. aromaticum presented the highest value, followed by S. triloba and C. zeylanicum. Surprisingly, the determined calcium granules were reduced in S. aromaticum and S. triloba. In response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), S. triloba-treated DPSCs showed the most reduced level of IL-6 cytokine level. We suggest C. zeylanicum as a promising osteogenic inducer and S. triloba as a potent anti-inflammatory agent, which could be used safely in biocomposite or scaffold fabrications for dentistry.Conclusions:Because calcium granule formation and cell viability play a critical role in hard tissue formation, S. aromaticum in dentistry should be strictly controlled, and the mechanism leading to reduced calcium granule formation should be identified.

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Glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade IV) accounts for 50% of all the intracranial tumors and 70% of the primary malignant brain tumors. Although GBM often occurs in late adulthood (70% at a mean age of 53 years), up to 8.8% occur during childhood. Absence of specific symptoms is the predominant reason for which tumors are often detected at advanced stages, leading to poor prognosis with a mean survival of 1 year for GBM (18). █ INTRODuCTIONA ny tumor that arises from the glial or supportive tissue of the brain or the spinal cord is called "glioma". One of the types of glioma is astrocytoma. Astrocytomas arise from astrocytes, the star-shaped cells, and are graded to describe their degree of abnormality. The most common grading system uses a scale of I to IV (15,16,18).AIm: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the lethal central nervous system tumors. One of the widely used chemical agents for the treatment of glioblastoma is temozolomide. It is an orally administered, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) alkylating agent. DNA alkylation triggers the death of tumor cells. However, some tumor cells are able to repair this type of DNA damage and thus lower the therapeutic effect of temozolomide. Laboratory and clinical studies indicate that temozolomide's anticancer effects might be strengthened when combined with other chemotherapeutic agents like etoposide or antioxidant agents like ascorbic acid. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and oxidative stress effects of ascorbic acid (1000 µM), temozolomide (100 µM) and etoposide (25 µM) agents alone and in dual and triple combinations in a glioblastoma U87 MG cell culture. mATERIAl and mEThODS:The cytotoxic and oxidative stress effects were investigated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis methods. RESulTS:Cytotoxicity tests showed that etoposide, temozolomide, "etoposide+ascorbic acid", "temozolomide+ascorbic acid", "temozolomide+etoposide" and "temozolomide+etoposide+ascorbic acid" combinations have anti-proliferative effects. The maximum anti-proliferation response was observed in the "temozolomide+etoposide+ascorbic acid"-added group. Similarly LC-MS/MS analyses showed that minimum oxidative DNA damage occurred in the "temozolomide+etoposide+ascorbic acid"-added group.CONCluSION: Ascorbic acid decreases the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of etoposide and etoposide-temozolomide combination but it has no meaningful effect on temozolomide's toxicity.