I. INTRODUCTION * This Article is to be included in a forthcoming volume entitled CHmA's LEGAL TRA-Drlo (J. Cohen, R. Edwards & Fu-mei Chen eds.). It is slightly abbreviated here, in particular, by omission of Appendices 3-6. In the forthcoming volume, these will include a List of References and a Glossary, providing the Chinese characters for all Chinese authors, titles, and terms cited in the text. For permission to publish it in advance of the volume, grateful acknowledgement is made to Professor Cohen. The Article was originally prepared for the Conference on "History of Chinese Law" held in Bellagio, Italy, in August 1969, in which my close colleague and friend, Clarence Morris, also participated. For extensive and helpful comments and suggestions, I am much indebted to several of the conference participants, but above all to Mr. Edwards as an editor of the forthcoming volume.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.