In early May 2022, Eklund and colleagues published an article in Nature Sustainability in which they attempted to demonstrate that the early 2020 lockdown imposed in Madagascar by the emerging COVID-19 pandemic had a direct impact on Protected Areas (PAs), with an increase in the number of fires, which then stabilized once the lockdown was over. The authors, undoubtedly in good faith but based on an incomplete understanding of the situation on the ground, were attempting to draw the attention of the international community and donors to the need to maintain and strengthen PA management efforts. Their contribution, while highlighting a real and urgent need, does not, however, do justice to Madagascar’s PA managers, who, in collaboration with the populations living in the vicinity of parks and reserves, maintained and in some instances increased efforts to ensure the integrity of parks and reserves during the COVID-19 period. Following the publication of this paper, we contacted the authors as well as the editors of Nature Sustainability in a collegial effort to draw their attention to the errors identified in the analysis and to point out how this led to a misinterpretation of what actually transpired during the lockdown. We submitted a carefully worded and argued rebuttal for possible publication in Nature Sustainability, which we regarded as justified given the nature and significance of the considerations we had carefully presented. Unfortunately, after several exchanges with the editor and indirectly with the authors, during which we made an honest and concerted effort to explain the problems identified and their reputational implications for PA managers in Madagascar, the journal ultimately declined to publish our response, to our considerable surprise. In order to ensure that these issues are shared with the diverse stakeholder groups involved in conservation and PA management, in Madagascar and elsewhere, we feel that it is our duty to draw attention to their potential consequences, rather than adopting the questionable strategy of sitting back and hoping they will somehow self-correct themselves (see Vazire 2019). Début mai 2022, Eklund et ses collègues publiaient un article dans Nature Sustainability dans lequel ils ont tenté de démontrer que le confinement de début 2020 imposé à Madagascar par la pandémie naissante du COVID-19 a eu un impact direct sur les aires protégées (AP) avec une augmentation du nombre de feux qui s’est stabilisée dès la fin du confinement. Les auteurs, certainement de bonne foi mais sur la base d’une compréhension incomplète de la situation sur le terrain, tentaient d’attirer l’attention de la communauté internationale et des bailleurs sur la nécessité de maintenir et renforcer les efforts de gestion dans les AP. Leur contribution, même si elle souligne un besoin réel et urgent ne fait en revanche pas justice aux gestionnaires des AP qui, en collaboration avec les populations riveraines des AP, ont maintenu, parfois accru leurs efforts pour maintenir l’intégrité des AP pendant la période COVID-19. Suite à la publication de l’article, nous avons contacté les auteurs ainsi que les éditeurs de Nature Sustainability dans un effort collégial pour attirer leur attention sur les erreurs identifiées dans leur analyse et pour souligner la msure dans laquelle elles ont mené à une interprétation totalement erronée de la situation qui prévalait pendant le confinement. Nous avons soumis une réfutation soigneusement formulée et argumentée à Nature Sustainability que nous estimions largement justifiée compte tenu de la nature et de l’importance des considérations présentées, mais après plusieurs échanges avec le rédacteur en chef et indirectement avec les auteurs au cours desquels nous présentions de manière honnête et concertée les problèmes que nous avions identifiés avec leurs les implications sur la réputation des gestionnaires des AP à Madagascar, le journal a finalement refusé de publier notre réponse, à notre grand étonnement. Pour nous assurer que ces questions soient partagées avec tous les acteurs et parties prenantes impliqués dans la conservation et la gestion des AP, à Madagascar et ailleurs, nous estimons qu’il est de notre devoir d’attirer l’attention sur les problèmes que nous avons identifiés ainsi que sur leurs conséquences éventuelles plutôt que d’attendre que les problèmes se règlent d’eux-mêmes (voir Vazire 2019)
This contribution is an open letter to all CITES Management and Scientific Authorities, which is signed by all of the co-authors. As CITES convenes its 19th Conference of the Parties in November 2022, some of the largest seizures in history of illegally harvested CITES-listed species are poised to be handed back to the criminals who smuggled them out of Madagascar. Nearly 40,000 rosewood logs were illegally exported from the country in 2014, in clear violation of CITES and national embargos, as explicitly declared in Notices issued by the CITES Secretariat. The logs were seized by Singapore, Kenya, and Sri Lanka, but as a result of both passive and active interference from various Malagasy officials and aggressive use of these countries’ national court and political systems, orders have now been issued for the logs to be returned to the smugglers. Release of this wood would have catastrophic consequences for the future sustainable management of Madagascar’s remaining rosewood and ebony resources. We propose five essential steps that should be taken at the upcoming CITES CoP 19 in Panama to prevent this from happening.
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