A new peridynamic formulation is developed for cubic polycrystalline materials. The new approach can be a good alternative to traditional techniques such as finite element method and boundary element method. The formulation is validated by considering a polycrystal subjected to tension loading condition and comparing the displacement field obtained from both peridynamics and finite element method. Both static and dynamic loading conditions for initially damaged and undamaged structures are considered and the results of plane stress and plane strain configurations are compared. Finally, the effect of grain boundary strength, grain size, fracture toughness and grain orientation on time-to-failure, crack speed, fracture behaviour and fracture morphology are investigated and the expected transgranular and intergranular failure modes are successfully captured. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that a peridynamic material model for cubic crystals is given in detail.
This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/55533/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the ABSTRACTWe present for the first time a numerical multiphysics peridynamic framework for the modelling of adsorbedhydrogen stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), based on the adsorption-induced decohesion mechanism. The material is modelled at the microscopic scale using microstructural data. First-principle studies available in the literature are used for characterizing the process of intergranular material strength degradation. The model consists of a polycrystalline AISI 4340 high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) thin, pre-cracked steel plate subjected to a constant displacement controlled loading and exposed to an aqueous solution. Different values of stress intensity factor (SIF) are considered, and the resulting crack propagation speed and branching behaviour are found to be in good agreement with experimental results available in the literature.
An ordinary state-based peridynamic formulation is developed to analyse cubic polycrystalline materials for the first time in the literature. This new approach has the advantage that no constraint condition is imposed on material constants as opposed to bond-based peridynamic theory. The formulation is validated by first considering static analyses and comparing the displacement fields obtained from the finite element method and ordinary state-based peridynamics. Then, dynamic analysis is performed to investigate the effect of grain boundary strength, crystal size, and discretization size on fracture behaviour and fracture morphology.
Despite the significant improvements in the understanding of pitting corrosion, many aspects of this phenomenon remain unclear and corrosion rate prediction based on experimental data remains difficult. Experimental measurements of corrosion rates under different electrochemical conditions can be complex and time consuming, and the conclusions are limited to the timescale and the conditions in which experiments have been carried out. In order to overcome these limitations, numerical approaches can be a valuable complement. Hence, in this study a new numerical model based on peridynamics to predict pitting corrosion damage is developed. The developed model is implemented in a commercial finite element software and it allows for the reproduction of realistic pitting morphologies, modelling of microstructural effects such as the presence of intermetallic particles and the reduction of the computational cost of the simulations. In conclusion, the results of this study shows that the peridynamic models can be helpful in failure analysis and design of new corrosion-resistant materials.
High stress regions around corrosion pits can lead to crack nucleation and propagation. In fact, in many engineering applications, corrosion pits act as precursor to cracking, but prediction of structural damage has been hindered by lack of understanding of the process by which a crack develops from a pit and limitations in visualization and measurement techniques. An experimental approach able to accurately quantify the stress and strain field around corrosion pits is still lacking. In this regard, numerical modeling can be helpful. Several numerical models, usually based on finite element method (FEM), are available for predicting the evolution of long cracks. However, the methodology for dealing with the nucleation of damage is less well developed, and, often, numerical instabilities arise during the simulation of crack propagation. Moreover, the popular assumption that the crack has the same depth as the pit at the point of transition and by implication initiates at the pit base has no intrinsic foundation. A numerical approach is required to model nucleation and propagation of cracks without being affected by any numerical instability and without assuming crack initiation from the base of the pit. This is achieved in the present study, where peridynamics (PD) theory is used in order to overcome the major shortcomings of the currently available numerical approaches. Pit-to-crack transition phenomenon is modeled, and nonconventional and more effective numerical frameworks that can be helpful in failure analysis and in the design of new fracture-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials are presented.
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