As more and more people are increasingly turning to nature for design inspiration, tools and methodologies are developed to support the systematic bioideation process. State-of-the-art approaches struggle with expanding their knowledge bases because of interactive work required by humans per biological strategy. As an answer to this persistent challenge, a scalable search for systematic biologically inspired design (SEABIRD) system is proposed. This system leverages experience from the product aspects in design by analogy tool that identifies candidate products for between-domain design by analogy. SEABIRD is based on two conceptual representations, product and organism aspects, extracted from, respectively, a patent and a biological database, that enable leveraging the ever growing body of natural-language biological texts in the systematic bioinspired design process by eliminating interactive work by humans during corpus expansion. SEABIRD's search is illustrated and validated with three well-known biologically inspired design cases.

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Systematically developing innovative products demands effective idea generation methods. The effectiveness can be verified based on a set of metrics, of which the variety metric is one. It is demonstrated that this metric exhibits several shortcomings, such as the lack of level-based measurements, and arbitrarily defined level weights. The currently applied variety metrics, furthermore, do not measure the degree of uniformness of the distribution of ideas over nodes on an abstraction level. A level-based, correctly normalized variety metric which accounts for the degree of uniformness of the distribution of concepts over nodes, is proposed, and is shown to resolve the above issues.

With a two-decade consistent research interest for Systematic BiologicallyInspired Design, a number of methods and tools to support bio-ideation have been proposed. However, objective quantification of the effects these aids have on the design outcomes is rare. This contribution presents an impact analysis of the most popular knowledge-based tool, AskNature, in the form of an outcomebased study. The results consistently support a common claim used in favour of bio-inspired design, i.e. the expectation of identifying more out-of-the-box solutions. Furthermore, to further facilitate biological solution analysis and cross-domain knowledge transfer, an adaptation to AskNature's stimuli format d i.e. adding a graphical illustration of the biological solution principle d is validated to further boost novelty. C reative problem solving is a key task for companies pursuing inventions that may grow into successful innovations. One strategy for solving new problems is learning from previously solved analogous problems. In Design-by-Analogy (DbA) a solution principle behind an already solved problem is transferred to solve a new problem. For example, when looking for new ways to unfold a tent, products with similar functionality, like for instance umbrellas, can be sources of inspiration and knowledge transfer. Biologically-Inspired Design (BID) is a specific type of between domain DbA where inspiration is taken from the natural world (source domain) to solve technical problems or challenges (target domain). Three frequently used arguments for looking at nature for inspiration are (1) the proven performance of biological systems, (2) the potential for sustainable products and (3) the potential for finding out-of-the-box solutions. The first, proven performance of biological systems, logically follows from the overwhelming evidence supporting evolution, i.e. the change in inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations, a continuous repetition of a non-random selection mechanism (survival of the fittest) applied to traits subject to random variation. The products of these continuous improvement iterations d solution principles of biological systems d Corresponding author: Dennis Vandevenne dennis.vandevenne@ kuleuven.be www.elsevier.com/locate/destud 0142-694X Design Studies --(2016) --e--http://dx.Please cite this article in press as: Vandevenne, D., et al., Enhancing novelty with knowledge-based support for Biologically-Inspired Design, Design Studies (2016), http://dx.

, Dennis.Vandevenne, Joost.Duflou}@kuleuven.be Manufacturers strive to rapidly develop novel products and offer solutions that meet the emerging customer needs. The Lead User Method, emerging from studies on sources of innovation by the scientific community, offers a validated approach to identify users with innovation ideas to support rapid and successful new product development process. The approach has been more recently applied on online communities, where collection and analysis of rich user data are performed by expert practitioners. In this paper, feature extraction techniques are outlined, that enable automated classification and identification of lead users that are present in online communities. The authors describe two case studies to construct a classification model that is then used to identify online lead users for confectionery products, and to evaluate the outlined feature extraction techniques. The presented research points to opportunities in automated identification within the lead user approach that further reduce the resource and time costs.