Knee arthroscopy may be called the most commonly and increasingly performed orthopaedic procedure. Posterior medial compartment visualization may be quite challenging. The aim of the present study is to detect objective measurement of medial joint space widening with percutaneous “pie crust” release of medial collateral ligament (MCL) during knee arthroscopy. We used this technique for all knees that require any intervention in the posteromedial compartment and for tight knees in which adequate visualization of the posteromedial compartment cannot be obtained. Eighteen patients (18 knees) were included in this study. Patients were evaluated clinically with the Lysholm and Tegner scores at the final office visit. Joint balance, valgus instability, pain or tenderness on MCL region, and numbness over the medial side of the joint were also noted. Measurements of medial joint space (mm) were obtained at three different times with perioperative C-arm images: normal, controlled valgus force, and after pie crusting. The median follow-up time was 9 (6–12) months. Final follow-up Lysholm (p < 0.05) and Tegner scores (p < 0.05) increased significantly compared with preoperative scores. At the final follow-up, there was no pain or tenderness over MCL and there were no signs of saphenous nerve or vein injury. Medial joint space values in after pie crusting increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with neutral position measurements and controlled valgus force application (p < 0.05). Controlled release of the MCL in knees provided ∼2.45 times wider visualization place. Furthermore, pie crusting of MCL is a safe and effective technique that provides enough space for visualization and instrumentation in knees. This is a Level IV study.

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The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pathologic findings in asymptomatic knees of Kangoo Jumpers by using a 3T MRI and to compare them with age and sex-matched controls who do not regularly participate in any impact sports. Methods: Both knees of 18 Kangoo Jumpers were examined by 3T MRIs in a total of 36 MRI scans. The control group was comprised of 20 volunteers from the same age group and with similar weights who did not participate in any competitive sports, in a total of 40 MRI scans. Two orthopedists and one radiologist independently assessed all images for the presence or absence of any abnormalities. Results: In 32 (88.9%) of the 36 Kangoo Jumpers' knees, one or more abnormalities were observed. The most prevalent abnormality was bone marrow edema, which was detected in 32 knees (88.9%). The other significant findings were quadriceps tendinopathy (80.6%), patellar tendinopathy (63.9%), gastrocnemius tendinopathy (63.9%), infrapatellar fat pad edema (75%), suprapatellar fat pad edema (63.9%), meniscal signal change (72.2%) and cartilage damage in the patellofemoral joint (72.2%). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of joint effusion (8.3%), ganglion cysts (8.3%) or tibiofemoral joint cartilage injury (0%). Conclusion: This study reveals many types of knee MRI findings of asymptomatic Kangoo Jumpers compared to the control group. These MRI findings may be associated with acute knee injuries or chronic joint problems such as osteoarthritis, which may develop in long-term follow-up studies.

Minor trauma may cause hip dislocation in young children because of physiologic hip joint laxity and the soft cartilaginous structure of the acetabulum. In this work, we report on a 22-month-old boy with right-sided traumatic posterior hip dislocation and ipsilateral distal femoral fracture because of an outdoor motor vehicle accident. The patient was treated with emergency closed reduction and one and a half hip spica under general anaesthesia. The femoral fracture and hip dislocation were healed smoothly without any complication. Traumatic hip dislocation is rare in children, which may occur after trivial trauma. Prognosis is better in younger patients with low-energy trauma and in cases treated early.

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Background The value of radiological measurements of subcoracoid impingement such as the coracohumeral interval in predicting subscapularis tendon injuries is controversial. We aimed to assess the relationship between radiological measurements of subcoracoid impingement and subscapularis tendon lesions in young and middle-aged adults. Methods This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. Patients between the ages of 18–55 years without a history of shoulder surgery or major trauma were included and patients with arthritis, instability, or retracted rotator cuff tears were excluded from the study. Magnetic resonance images were evaluated and patients were grouped into two according to the subscapularis tendon condition: normal or pathologic. Glenoid version, axial coracohumeral distance, coracoglenoid angle, coracoid index, sagittal coracoid-glenoid tubercule distance, and axial coracoacromial inclination-glenoid version difference were measured for all patients. Measurement findings were compared between the groups. Correlation analysis was performed for age and radiologic measurements. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. Results A total of 298 patients, 107 women (35.1%) and 191 men (64.9%), with a mean age of 34.46 ± 10.10 years (range, 18–55 years) were examined in the study. Subscapularis tendon pathology was noted in 85 patients (28.5%). The diagnosed pathologies were tendinosis in 48 patients (56.5%), partial tears in 28 (32.9%), and full thickness tears in 9 (10.6%). A significant relationship was observed between increasing age and subscapularis tendon lesions ( p = 0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between subscapularis pathology and calculated measurements. Axial coracohumeral distance and coracoglenoid angle measurements showed a statistically significantly negative correlation with age. A positive correlation was found between axial coracohumeral distance and coracoglenoid angle measurements ( p < 0.001) and also between glenoid version and coracoid index measurements ( p = 0.004). Axial coracohumeral distance and coracoglenoid angle measurements showed a negative correlation with glenoid version and coracoid index measurements ( p < 0.05). Conclusions In this study, the coracohumeral distance and coracoglenoid angle decreased and the incidence of subscapularis tendon lesions increased as the age progressed. However, no relationship was found between radiological measurements and subscapularis tendon lesions.

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