Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a strategic overview of the current literature on “Building information modelling (BIM) for Building Refurbishment and Maintenance” to unfold the factors behind the relative underdeveloped state of the field and to contribute to the development of a more cumulative knowledge base by presenting the current status and suggesting future directions for research. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic review of the literature has been undertaken by classifying and mapping the literature, identifying the input-output relations, exhibiting the areas focused on by researchers as well as neglected ones and by indicating the trends in research through the years. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis is used in the study to better interpret the existing studies in a holistic perspective. Findings – Although the need for BIM in facility management (FM) has been acknowledged by researchers and practitioners, the results highlight that studies related to BIM applications in maintenance and especially refurbishment are relatively recent. However, the trend in published articles shows that the interest is continuously growing. Existing research in this field can be clustered in the following subtopics: (1) building survey and as-built BIM, (2) modelling and managing energy, (3) design assessment, (4) access to and integration of maintenance information and knowledge, and (5) information exchange and interoperability. Originality/value – The paper identifies the gaps in the research domain that hinders a widespread adoption of BIM in refurbishment and maintenance stages and introduces roadmaps to surmount the challenges identified in each specific subtopic of the field.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to: distinguish dispute factors from dispute categories, terms generally used interchangeably in the literature; compose consistent and comprehensive lists of dispute factors and categories; and identify the impacts of various dispute factors through empirical analysis of the associations between dispute factors and categories.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 50 construction projects in Turkey (each with a contract amount of 1 million USD or over) were investigated and analysed employing a specially developed dispute research survey form and through interviews with the project managers.FindingsSpecific suggestions have been developed for various stakeholders of construction projects, building upon the associations revealed by the correlation analysis. These suggestions relate to the following issues; for employers: contractor selection (experience and technical capability), avoiding variations and punctual instructions; for consultants: preparation of project documents; for contractors: project selection and approach to conflicts; for project managers: defining the project scope, punctual instructions and use of ADR methods; for all stakeholders: project duration, unfamiliarity with local conditions, adversarial approach in handling conflicts and communication problems.Originality/valueThis paper suggests an improvement to dispute terminology by differentiating between dispute factors and categories, and identifies the relations between these factors and categories by an empirical study. The results of this research can help practitioners and academicians by providing insights on the dynamics of dispute occurrence. An increased awareness of dispute factors and their specific impacts can allow practitioners to discern and identify the associated risks and endeavour to avoid certain practices, and thus eventually contribute to reducing disputes in the construction projects.

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The feedback obtained from occupants regarding their comfort needs and performance of buildings is critical for assessing occupant satisfaction, identifying the operation and maintenance (O&M) issues in time and for improving resource efficiency in buildings. Current facility management (FM) systems and occupant feedback collection practices, however, have limitations in supporting effective decision-making in FM, as they lack the necessary contextual data related to the occupant feedback (e.g., building geometry, systems, elements). Building Information Modeling (BIM)-enabled FM systems are used for combining different types of FM information with building models; however, occupant feedback is still not effectively utilized in FM since it is not integrated with BIM. In this study, a BIM integrated post-occupancy evaluation system prototype is developed for: (1) collecting occupant feedback along with the contextual information related to the feedback items in a structured way, and (2) presenting this information as integrated with BIM to the facility managers. This enables conducting spatio-temporal queries and supports effective decision-making by visualizing the collected feedback. The prototype was designed by using qualitative shadowing with FM teams to identify information needs and use case analysis to determine how contextual data integrated with BIM could be collected from office occupants who are non-technical persons with limited information on building models. This paper identifies the FM query categories that are required to process the occupant feedback and describes the RateWorkSpace prototype developed for office buildings. The deployment of the prototype in a real-world office demonstrates that the proposed system is applicable, practical, usable, and that real-time building performance data can be both collected and analysed with the developed system. This has the potential to increase the effectiveness of the FM and O&M processes, and help to create office spaces with optimized energy use and occupant comfort that also supports occupant well-being and productivity.