In order to evaluate the monophyly of the Phyllachorales from a molecular standpoint and elucidate its phylogenetic relationships with other orders, a segment of the 18S rRNA gene from several representatives of the Phyllachorales, including species of Glomerella, Phyllachora, Coccodiella (=Coccostroma), Sphaerodothis, Ophiodothella, as well as Magnaporthe was sequenced. Maximum Parsimony analysis revealed that the Phyllachorales was a polyphyletic assemblage of taxa. None of the other members of the Phyllachorales, which produced either a clypeus or stroma, clustered with Glomerella. Of the taxa examined, was Coccodiella the closest relative of Phyllachora. Magnaporthe was closely related to the Diaporthales. Our 18S rDNA data highly supported Glomerella being accommodated in a separate family.
A ordem Phyllachorales foi avaliada do ponto de vista molecular visando esclarecer a sua relação filogenética com outras ordens. Um fragmento do gene 18S rRNA de diversos representantes dos Phyllachorales, incluindo espécies de Glomerella, Phyllachora, Coccodiella (=Coccostroma), Sphaerodothis, Ophiodothella, como também Magnaporthe foi sequenciado. Análise de parsimônia máxima revelou que a ordem Phyllacholares é polifilética. Nenhum dos outros representantes dos Phyllachorales, que produzem um clipeu ou estroma, se agruparam com Glomerella. Dos taxa estudados, Coccodiella é o mais próximo de Phyllachora. Esses dois gêneros formam um grupo irmão dos Sordariales, que juntos são um grupo irmão dos Diaporthales. Sphaerodothis e Ophiodothella se agruparam dentro dos Hypocreales/Clavicipitales e Xylariales, respectivamente. Magnaporthe é o mais próximo de Diaporthales. Nossos dados de 18S rDNA fortemente suportam Glomerella ser acomodado em uma família distinta
The analysis of DNA in clinical samples for a secure diagnostic has become indispensable nowadays. Techniques approaching isolation of high molecular weigth DNA of HPV could lead to efficient amplification and early clinical diagnosis of the virus DNA by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). We describe a fast, non-toxical, efficient and cheap method for DNA isolation of human papilloma virus (HPV) from cervical smears using guanidine (DNAzol solution). A 450 bp DNA band correponding to the late region (L1) of the virus genome was detected by PCR,showing that the DNAzol extraction soluction generated a good viral DNA yield. The electrophoretic pattern after digestion with restriction endonucleases (RFLPs/PCR) revealed the predominance of
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