This quasi-experimental study investigated how direct contact between students with and without disabilities impacted disability-related attitudes and specific self-efficacy of study participants. Study participants (N = 170) were students without disabilities who attended general education schools. Students in an experimental group (N = 77) participated in a Partners to Inclusion Programme. This 1-year programme provided direct contact with students with disabilities, via weekly or bi-weekly joint activities that lasted 30-90 min. Participants in a no-treatment control group (N = 93) did not participate in the programme. We found that disability-related attitudes and specific self-efficacy improved over time for participants in the experimental group, but not for participants in the control group. These results extend research findings and practical implications on how to change disability-related attitudes and biases.
The present research study examined factors affecting participation in leisure activities of Arab adults with intellectual disabilities living in the community, via the conceptual frame of the ICF (International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health). The research was based on a secondary analysis of data taken from a nationwide survey, thus being the first of its kind. The factors examined were bodily functions (health condition, physical functioning and cognitive functioning); activities (activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living); participation in employment; and the environmental factor of service utilisation (N = 153). The findings reveal interesting patterns regarding the roles of physical functioning and cognitive functioning in participation in leisure activities. These findings are discussed in relation to previous findings and cultural characteristics with reference to socio-economic disparities.
This article is based on a secondary analysis of a random sample of 512 Israeli parents of children with disabilities (ages 3-17) regarding their consideration of out-of-home placement. Major findings showed that Arab parents reported greater levels of personal and family burden compared to Jewish parents. Despite that fact, Arab parents rarely considered out-of-home placement. In addition, parents whose children utilized more services reported a greater burden of care than those who utilized fewer services. Findings are discussed with respect to future research and policy implications.
In 1986 the Israeli Parliament enacted the Community Long-Term Care Insurance (CLTCI) Law, in response to concern over the growing need for long-term care. The principal aims of this study were to examine the extent to which the law has improved the appropriateness of care, reduced unmet needs, and lessened the burden on families of disabled elderly living in the community; and to assess the degree to which the expansion of formal services has supplemented, or substituted for, informal assistance. The findings show that expansion of formal services under the law has significantly increased the number of elderly receiving care, as well as the quantity of care they receive. This study also indicates that the formal services added under the law supplement, but do not substitute for, informal care: This has had a positive effect both on the elderly and on their families.
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