Primary school children are exposed to asymmetric loads that lead to an imbalance of postural muscles and a violation of the body relative symmetry. Mass screening examinations in schools for scoliotic posture and scoliosis are conducted primarily through the Adams test. It has low reproducibility and a high frequency of false negative results. In practice, various methods for diagnosing posture disorders are also used. Some methods are based on the evaluation of postural muscles static endurance, elasticity and proportionality of their functional capabilities. Others are based on a comprehensive assessment of the ability to maintain an upright posture rationally. The third ones are based on the analysis of the tonic vibration and H-reflex of skeletal muscles on both sides of the vertebral column. All the above mentioned methods definitely have diagnostic potential. Therefore it was decided to determine the validity of some common methods for diagnosing posture disorders based on the analysis of their mutual congruence. Based on the results of the experiment, a reliable correlation between the studied parameters was established. It in turn allows us to judge the congruence of the considered diagnostic methods and, accordingly, the high probability of their validity.
The article discusses the features of the impact of professional ergonomic factors on the development of various chronic diseases of workers in the construction industry. According to the results of the study, it follows that among the occupational diseases of builders, such as diseases of the cardiovascular system under the influence of occupational noise, as well as diseases of the musculoskeletal system, will be especially distinguished. Accordingly, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the consequences and prophylaxis of such diseases in representatives of the construction professions.
The article considers the features of complex optimization of construction waste management and defines its role in the formation of the concept of "sustainable construction". The authors note that in order for the construction, demolition and waste management industries to remain competitive in the global market, they must continue developing and implement innovations in the supply chain to improve efficiency, sustainability, and reduce energy, waste, and resource consumption. This requires serious research on intelligent, mobile, and integrated systems. Radically advanced robotic artificial intelligence systems for sorting and processing must be developed with an emphasis on the required reuse of materials and components. Many industries face an uncertain future in which the applicability of today's technological constraints cannot be assumed. The construction industry is likely to be significantly impacted by the capabilities of transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, nanotechnology, virtual reality, and robotics. The application of such technologies presents significant opportunities for this industry.
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