We evaluated a simplified method for preparation and analysis of platelet cytochrome c oxidase activity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and control patients. Mean cytochrome c oxidase activity in controls (n = 17) was 0.233 sec-1/mg whereas mean cytochrome c oxidase activity in Alzheimer patients (n = 19) was 0.193 sec-1/mg, p = 0.033. Complex III (ubiquinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase), complex II (succinic dehydrogenase), and citrate synthase were all assayed as internal controls and were not significantly different in controls and Alzheimer patients. There is a relatively specific loss of platelet cytochrome c oxidase activity in Alzheimer disease patients.

In response to the COVID-19 global pandemic, the largest mass vaccination campaign on record was initiated. In the United States, the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 (https://www.pfizer.com/scien ce/coron aviru s/ vacci ne/manuf actur ing-and-distr ibution) and Moderna mRNA-1273 (https://www.wsj.com/artic les/moder na-to-build -vacci ne-manuf actur ing-plant -in-afric a-11633 586400) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines received Emergency Use Authorization in December 2020. (1) Because patients who were immunosuppressed, including liver transplantation recipients (LTRs), were excluded from these vaccine trials, the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in LTRs are largely unknown. Herein, we report a case of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), the most common subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), following an initial dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in an adult LTR. Case studies such as ours defined as "experiences or observations associated with one or two individuals" are exempt from institutional review board approval at the University of Michigan.HugHes et al.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the US general population with the overwhelming majority of these deaths due to coronary artery disease (CAD), the latter a condition with increasing prevalence in patients with chronic liver disease. 1,2 Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including CAD, is a known major cause of morbidity and mortality among liver transplant recipients (LTR), and severity of CAD among liver transplant candidates (LTC) has been demonstrated to impact post-LT mortality. 3-8 However, the impact of CAD, particularly non-obstructive CAD, among LTC on post-LT major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and long-term outcomes remains poorly defined. To assess CVD risk, all LTC undergo some form of screening for the presence of CAD; however, these screening measures typically consist of noninvasive methods that utilize traditional CAD risk factors or diagnostic imaging studies that are of limited predictive or diagnostic value in patients with advanced liver disease. 9-11 These

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Efficient and thorough care of hospitalized patients with advanced chronic liver disease is of utter importance to improve outcomes and optimize quality of life. This requires understanding current evidence and best practices. In order to facilitate focus on up-to-date knowledge and a practical approach, we have created the HEPA-ROUNDS mnemonic while outlining a practical review of the literature with critical appraisal for the busy clinician. The HEPA-ROUNDS mnemonic provides a structured approach that incorporates critical concepts in terms of prevention, management and prognostication of most common complications frequently encountered in patients with advance chronic liver disease. In addition, implementing the HEPA-ROUNDS mnemonic can facilitate education for trainees and staff caring for patients with advanced chronic liver disease.