Throughout the years competence-based management approaches have proved to be a critical tool in human resource management, vocational training and performance management. As a result, competence-based approaches are often adopted as the key paradigm in both formal or informal education and training programs. Despite this fact, the Technologyenhanced Learning (TeL) research community has only recently considered undertaking research towards technology-enhanced competencebased learning and training. To this end, there exist a number of open issues such as: how can we model competences; how can we assess competences; how can we develop training resources and training activities that target specific competences. The scope of this chapter is to contribute to this field by addressing the issue of competence modeling in technologyenhanced competence-based training, that is, how can we model and represent competence-related information in a system meaningful way.

In the context of the emerging paradigm of Lifelong Learning, competence-based