Background and aims: The obesity and overweight rate among women of childbearing age and fetal macrosomia associated with different birth injuries are very frequent all over the world and with an increasing incidence. The huge amount of published literature on this topic in the last decade is putting the practioners in a very challenging position. Material and method: We have done a systematic review on the recent literature (last five years) based on science direct database. Results: A total of 5990 articles were identified and after successive exclusion of some of them, 48 were deeply analyzed. The results were grouped in following topics: risk factors for fetal macrosomia, the pathophysiology of macrosomia, prenatal clinical and lab diagnosis and prevention of macrosomia. Conclusions: Considering the maternal, fetal and neonatal complications of macrosomia, the counseling, and monitoring of the pregnant women risk group are of particular importance for adopting a low calorie / low glycemic diet and avoiding a sedentary behaviour. Long-term follow-up of the mother and the macrosomic baby is required because of the risk of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome later in life.

Background and aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of demographic and clinical risk factors for fetal macrosomia, maternal pregestational, gestational and intra partum pathology associated with macrosomia, and to investigate the dynamic of these parameters in a decade. Material and method: We conducted two studies, a case-control study of 261 mothers who delivered macrosomic babies and 241 mothers who delivered normal weight babies in 2016, and then we compared the parameters obtained from the study group of 261women who delivered in 2016 macrosomic babies with those of a study group of 220 women who delivered macrosomic babies in 2006 at Gynecology I County Hospital of Cluj-Napoca. The data was stored and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results and conclusions: Overweight before pregnancy, the excessive weight gain during pregnancy, and the delivery of a macrosomic baby increase the risk to deliver in the future a macrosomic baby. Mothers who delivered macrosomic babies had a higher incidence of thyroid gland pathology (hypofunction) and gestational diabetes than those who delivered normal weight babies.