One of the main causes of death in the world is lung cancer. According to the World Health Organization, the annual incidence of lung cancer increases significantly. Moreover, lung cancer accounts for one of the highest mortality rates, mainly due to late detection. Numerous studies have been conducted in order to identify new biomarkers for early diagnosis and for monitoring and evaluation of lung cancer stages. An ideal biomarker candidate is represented by the analysis of microRNAs expression. In this paper, we want to summarize microRNAs expressions in lung cancer. We also want to present the expression of microRNAs depending on the evolution of lung cancer. For this study, we analyzed the studies available in scientific databases, such as PubMed and Scopus. The studies were selected using the search keywords "microRNAs expression," "lung cancer," and "genetic biomarkers." The most significant articles were selected for the study, following rigorous analysis. To evaluate and monitor lung cancer, the expression of microRNAs may be used successfully due to increased specificity and selectivity. However, further studies are needed on the assignment and validation of microRNAs for each type of lung cancer, respectively, for each stage of evolution.

One of the leading causes of death among patients with malignancies is represented by bone cancer. According to current studies, the leading cause of death among these patients is represented by late diagnosis, poor response to therapy, and the lack of accuracy in terms of clinical evaluation. In this regard, there have been developed a series of methods of diagnosis and evaluation, the most investigated being represented by miRNA expression. In this updated work, we want to present a series of changes in the expression of miRNAs in bone cancer. Moreover, we want to present the implications of miRNAs in targeted therapy in such patients. Studies available in scientific databases such as PubMed and Scopus were examined. The studies were searched using the keywords "miRNAs expression", "bone cancer", "genetic therapy" and "genetic biomarkers." For the evaluation and monitoring of bone cancer, the expression of miRNAs can be successfully used due to increased specificity. Using miRNAs as gene therapy can be also considered a therapeutic method of the future, mainly due to selective and targeted response of the body.

The present study reports the case of a 3-h old male with a de novo unbalanced t(15;22) translocation and velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS), with other abnormalities. The manifestations of the condition observed in the patient included cleft palate with feeding difficulties, respiratory infection, dysmorphic face with almond-shaped eyes, a long and wide nose, small and low-set ears, tetralogy of Fallot, cryptorchidism and varus equinus. Standard lymphocyte cytogenetic analysis using G-banding demonstrated a 45,XY,-22,der (15),t(15;22)(q26.2;q12) karyotype. Fluorescent in situ hybridization with DiGeorge/VCFS TUPLE 1 confirmed 22q11 deletions. These cytogenetic aspects appear to be rare in the etiology of VCFS, as >1% of all 22q11 deletions are the result of an unbalanced translocation, which involves chromosomes 22 and another chromosome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported case where the clinical features associated with VCFS are combined with an unbalanced (15;22) translocation involving the critical 22q11.2 region.

The expression of microRNAs can be successfully used in the evaluation and non-invasive monitoring of patients with CRC. However, further studies are needed regarding the expression of microRNAs and the connections these species have in the pathological mechanisms specific for CRC.

A quality management system (QMS) refers to an organization’s broader approach to minimize deficiencies and errors, to meet regulatory compliance standards, and to satisfy a specified set of inherent characteristics during the health care services provided to patients. According to the European directives and recommendations (European Commission, 2006a, c, 2012; Council of Europe, 2013), working in compliance with a QMS is mandatory. The requirements cover the organization, management, personnel, equipment and materials, facilities/premises, documentation, records, and quality review. The IVF clinics should consider total quality management (TQM) as an option, especially in these days when escalating regulatory scrutiny increases the pressure for professional accreditation. TQM is an integrative philosophy of management for continuously improving the quality of services and processes and includes quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC), quality improvement (QI), and risk assessment and risk management. QMS must become an essential topic for those who are working in MART.

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Background: Antenatal depression (AND) and post-partum depression (PPD) are long-term debilitating psychiatric disorders that significantly influence the composition of the gut flora of mothers and infants that starts from the intrauterine life. Not only does bacterial ratio shift impact the immune system, but it also increases the risk of potentially life-threatening disorders. Material and Methods: Therefore, we conducted a narrative mini-review aiming to gather all evidence published between 2018–2022 regarding microflora changes in all three stages of pregnancy. Results: We initially identified 47 potentially eligible studies, from which only 7 strictly report translocations; 3 were conducted on rodent models and 4 on human patients. The remaining studies were divided based on their topic, precisely focused on how probiotics, breastfeeding, diet, antidepressants, exogenous stressors, and plant-derived compounds modulate in a bidirectional way upon behavior and microbiota. Almost imperatively, dysbacteriosis cause cognitive impairments, reflected by abnormal temperament and personality traits that last up until 2 years old. Thankfully, a distinct technique that involves fecal matter transfer between individuals has been perfected over the years and was successfully translated into clinical practice. It proved to be a reliable approach in diminishing functional non- and gastrointestinal deficiencies, but a clear link between depressive women’s gastrointestinal/vaginal microbiota and clinical outcomes following reproductive procedures is yet to be established. Another gut-dysbiosis-driving factor is antibiotics, known for their potential to trigger inflammation. Fortunately, the studies conducted on mice that lack microbiota offer, without a shadow of a doubt, insight. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the microbiota is a powerful organ, and its optimum functionality is crucial, likely being the missing puzzle piece in the etiopathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.