The research presented in this paper was an attempt to find differences in the use of grammatical information carried by the function words in Serbian. The aim was to determine the level of word processing at which grammatical information shows its differential effects in groups of subjects who themselves differ in verbal ability. For this purpose, the psycholinguistic tasks applied were grammatically primed reading aloud and grammatically primed grammatical classification with an appropriate control of extra-linguistic factors that may have affected aforementioned tasks. Verbal aptitude was assessed in a psychometric manner, and the subjects were divided into "high verbal" and "low verbal" groups. Taking into account statistical control of extra-linguistic factors, the results indicate that groups of high verbal and low verbal subjects cannot be differentiated based on reading aloud performance. The high verbal subjects, however, were more efficient in grammatical classification than low verbal subjects. The results also indicated that the presence of grammatical information embedded in function words-primes had a stronger effect on word processing in low verbal group. Such pattern of results testify to the advantage of high verbal subjects in lexical and post lexical processing, while no differences were established in the word recognition processes. The implications of these findings were considered in terms of test construction for the assessment of verbal ability in Serbian language.
The relatedness of phonological coding to the articulatory mechanisms in visual word recognition vary in different writing systems. While articulatory suppression (i.e., continuous verbalising during a visual word processing task) has a detrimental effect on the processing of Japanese words printed in regular syllabic Khana script, it has no such effect on the processing of irregular alphabetic English words. Besner (1990) proposed an experiment in the Serbian language, written in Cyrillic and Roman regular but alphabetic scripts, to disentangle the importance of script regularity vs. the syllabic-alphabetic dimension for the effects observed. Articulatory suppression had an equally detrimental effect in a lexical decision task for both alphabetically regular and distorted (by a mixture of the two alphabets) Serbian words, but comparisons of articulatory suppression effect size obtained in Serbian to those obtained in English and Japanese suggest "alphabeticity-syllabicity" to be the more critical dimension in determining the relatedness of phonological coding and articulatory activity.
Standardized reading comprehension tests (RCTs) are indispensable instruments in language abilities assessment. Nevertheless, we do not have such an instrument in Serbian. In the present paper, we attempted to verify the basic assumptions of the RCT conception we proposed: the reading material consisting of a relatively large selection of short newspaper articles followed by a single multiplechoice question each, displayed in temporal succession, not simultaneously. We argued that RCT consisting of such item form and content, as well as the administration procedure, should be of equal or even better construct validity than well-known RTCs in foreign languages, also possessing some other practical advantages. These assumptions were implemented in a computer-ran experimental reading comprehension task (ERCT), in a student sample. ERCT psychometric properties analyses showed good discriminability and somewhat less than preferable reliability. The structure and strength of ERCT x other intelligence tests correlations suggest ERCT belonging to the core of verbal abilities tests. Different strategies subjects employed showed no impact on major performance measure number correct answers. Our findings obtained by ERCT implementation support the RCT conception we propose. We therefore suggest possible further research towards the construction of standardized RCT in Serbian
Lažna sećanja predstavljaju sadržaje koje ispitanik iznosi u situaciji prisećanja ali sa kojima nije imao prilike da se sretne i da ih iskusi u momentu na koji se sećanje odnosi, odnosno da ih tada zapamti. U uvodnom delu rada razmotrili smo značaj fenomena lažnih sećanja za različite oblasti primenjene psihologije. Asocijativna lažna sećanja izazvana Diz-Rediger- Mekdermotovim (DRM) postupkom dele glavna obeležja sa nizom ostalih fenomena lažnih sećanja, pri čemu ih je jednostavno demonstrirati pomoću svakodnevnog jezičkog materijala. Imajući u vidu da DRM postupak nije do sada primenjivan na domaćem govornom području, sproveli smo istraživanje u kojem je uzorku studenata koji govore srpski jezik (N=121) prikazano 14 lista od po 15 asocijativno povezanih reči. Liste su preuzete iz normativne studije sprovedene na engleskom i adaptirane tako da odgovaraju duhu srpskog. Osnovni nalaz je da su sve liste pobudile lažna sećanja i da se raspon proporcija lažnih sećanja (.02 – .37) kreće u okvirima konstatovanim sličnim istraživanjima na engleskom. Uz ovaj podatak, korelacija rangova lista u pogledu potencijala za izazivanje lažnih sećanja na engleskom i srpskom (.58) govori u prilog teze da su lažna sećanja DRM tipa robustan fenomen, relativno nezavistan od korišćenog jezika. Podaci do kojih smo došli dobro se uklapaju u Teoriju o aktivaciji i nadgledanju koja predstavlja dominantno objašnjenje mehanizma nastanka DRM lažnih sećanja. U zaključku smo ponudili sugestije za poboljšanja materijala i sugerisali moguće pravce daljeg istraživanja fenomena o kojem je reč.
A means for the classification of results of research examining verbal intellectual ability is proposed. A review of co relational studies of verbal intellectual ability was also conducted. The role of verbal ability in various standard factor-analytic theories of intelligence was examined with special emphasis on research conducted in the Serbian language. It was concluded that verbal ability plays a significant role in all factor-analytic models and theories of intelligence, regardless of whether this was explicitly or implicitly identified by their authors. Moreover, a strong tradition of research of verbal intellectual ability in the Serbian language was found to exist
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