Abstract.-The seagrass Thalassia testudinum harbors a high specific richness of epiphytic algae due to its morphology and abundance on the coast of the Mexican Atlantic. Epiphytic algae are an important component because of its taxonomic composition and functional groups; additionally, they can be employed as bioindicators. The composition of epiphytic algae of a common forophyte was compared in two ecoregions: Santa Rosa, Quintana Roo with oligotrophic waters and Penacho del Indio, Veracruz with eutrophic waters. Larger coverage of foliate and filamentous algae was expected in the Penacho del Indio prairie due to its eutrophic nature. Seventy seven species of epiphytes were determined, 43 in Penacho del Indio and 46 in Santa Rosa. Overall, 17 species belonged to Cyanobacteria, 38 to Rhodophyta, 11 to Phaeophyceae and 11 to Chlorophyta. Chondria pygmaea, Myrionema magnusii, Hecatonema floridanum, Rosenvingea sanctae-crucis and 7 cyanobacteria represent new registers for the Atlantic coast of Mexico. Centroceras hyalacanthum and Myrionema strangulans are new records for Veracruz. The functional groups were represented by: 39 filamentous algae, 20 microalgae, 9 corticated macrophytes, 5 foliose algae, 3 crustose and one calcareous articulated macrophyte. Red algae displayed the highest specific richness at both sites, followed by green algae in Penacho del Indio and microalgae in Santa Rosa. Epiphytism of foliate, filamentous, as well as corticated macrophytes, had larger coverage and biomass in Penacho del Indio. The prominent development of Ulva at this locality supports its eutrophic condition, whereas epiphytes composition in Santa Rosa suggests the existence of oligotrophic waters.
Studies of benthic marine and estuarine algae as well as Cyanobacteria are in their early stages in the littoral of the state of Tabasco. Sixty seven taxa of seaweeds are currently known from Tabasco. The inventory of these organisms was made based on samples obtained in six localities, three of them in marine and three in estuarine environments. We found 147 species and subspecific taxa with Rhodophyta having the greatest number with 84, followed by Chlorophyta 44, and finally Phaeophyceae 19. In addition, the 26 species of Cyanobacteria collected are recorded for the first time for the coast of Tabasco since there are no previous reports. The presence of 115 species of benthic marine and estuarine algae is reported for the first time for Tabasco. Most of the new records are Rhodophyta (53.9%), followed by Chlorophyta (29.5%) and Phaeophyceae (16.6%). Of the 115 new records of algae for Tabasco, Gayliella fimbriata and Grateloupia subpectinata are new records also for the Mexican Atlantic. The highest number of species was recorded for Sanchez Magallanes breakwater, while the lowest number of taxa was recorded for Mecoacan Lagoon. According to the Feldmann and Cheney indexes the algal flora of the coast of Tabasco is tropical. The greatest diversity was found during the rainy season.
RESUMENSe llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica y de herbario de las algas verdes (Chlorophyta) que han sido registradas para el litoral de Veracruz, México. Además se incorporaron los datos obtenidos de muestreos realizados en doce localidades de 2006 a 2016. Se determinó la presencia de 93 especies de algas verdes, siendo la familia Cladophoraceae la mejor representada con 28 especies, seguida de Ulvaceae con 15 y Caulerpaceae con 12. La lista florística se acompaña de datos sobre estacionalidad, reproducción, hábitat y referencias. De los 93 taxa, 19 son nuevos registros para el litoral de Veracruz, y se cita por primera vez a Ulva profunda, Chaetomorpha vieillardii y Stigeoclonium tenue para la costa occidental del Atlántico de México. Por otro lado, se compara la riqueza específica entre las épocas climáticas de lluvias de invierno (nortes), secas y lluvias de verano durante el periodo de estudio. La riqueza específica más alta fue encontrada durante la época de lluvias de verano. PALABRAS CLAVE:Ulvophyceae, inventario, épocas climáticas, riqueza específica. ABSTRACTThe green algae (Chlorophyta) recorded in the literature and reported at herbaria for the littoral of Veracruz were reviewed, and data obtained from sampling during 2006 to 2016 were added for a total of 93 taxa. The Cladophoraceae family was the best represented with 28 taxa, followed by Ulvaceae with 15 and Caulerpaceae with 12. The floristic list is accompanied by data on seasonality, reproduction, habitat and references. Of the 93 taxa, 19 are new records for littoral of Veracruz, with Ulva profunda, Chaetomorpha vieillardii and Stigeoclonium tenue being new records for the occidental coast of the Atlantic of Mexico. Species diversity was compared between the winter rains, dry and rainy seasons during the period study. The greatest diversity was found during the rainy season.
The species diversity of the red algal genus
The tribe Spongoclonieae (Ceramiaceae subfam. Spongoclonioideae) is represented on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Mexico by two genera: Pleonosporium with eight species and Spongoclonium with a single species. Pleonosporium boergesenii and P. borreri are both new records for Atlantic Mexico. Known in Pacific and Atlantic Mexico, P. rhizoideum has the widest distribution, while P. pygmaeum and P. vancouverianum have only a few records in the study area. Pleonosporium mexicanum is found mainly in tropical Pacific Mexico, and P. globuliferum has a discontinuous distribution in the Gulf of California and then in Salina Cruz, Oaxaca. In the case of P. squarrulosum morphological and genetic comparisons are needed to verify its presence in Mexico. The report of Spongoclonium caribaeum from intertidal Veracruz (Gulf of Mexico) represents the second record of this species for the Atlantic coast of Mexico. Detailed descriptions, information on nomenclature, collections studied, distribution and habitat are provided for each of the species. Measurements of vegetative characters and reproductive structures provide a consistent basis for identifying Atlantic and Pacific Mexican species of Pleonosporium and Spongoclonium.
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