Papillary carcinoma thyroid -A 11 year epidemiological study with histopathological correlation in a tertiary care centre in South Malabar Region in Kerala, India Keywords:Papillary carcinoma thyroid. Correspondence:Dr. Anupama Ponniah, MD Department of Pathology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India. Email:anupamasanjaynair@gmail.com Background: Thyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine malignancy. Based on recent data, thyroid cancer is the ifth most common cancer in women. To our knowledge the present study is the irst of its kind, correlating epidemiological and histomorphological data so as to assess the major cause hypothesis for thyroid cancers, focusing more on papillary carcinoma and its variants, comparing it with each other and with other thyroid carcinomas and also correlating with gender, life style and religion. Materials and Methods:This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, MES Medical College, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India, from January 2004 to June 2015.Two thousand and ifty thyroidectomy cases were studied. RESULTS:Out of the total 2050 cases, thyroid cancers constituted 295 (14.39%); of which 10.1% (208 cases) were papillary carcinoma thyroid (PCT) and its variants; 165 cases were seen in females (79.33%) and the incidence in males were only 20.68% (43 cases).The commonest variant encountered was classical papillary carcinoma (113 cases, 54.32%). CONCLUSION:Our study of papillary thyroid carcinomas in South Malabar region, Kerala, India shows that there is a high incidence of thyroid carcinomas in our locality and this could be attributed to various factors like high intake of iodine along the coastal region, excessive salt iodization, increased consumption of processed food and ish, inluence of female sex hormones, increased incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis and exposure to radiation. Our study also showed an increased incidence of PCT in females and among men and women of Islamic faith.
Thyroid diseases are the most common endocrine diseases in India. Both benign and malignant diseases present as thyroid nodules. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has proven to be one of the most effective tools for evaluation of thyroid nodules. Interpretation of FNAC has been standardized by the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC). Aim: To categorize all the thyroid lesions utilizing TBSRTC, in an academic institution for a duration of 2 years and find its histopathological correlation. Materials and Methods: A 2 year retrospective study included all 229 patients who underwent thyroid FNAC in the institution. All the clinical and relevant radiological investigations were retrieved from hospital information system. All Papanicolaou and May Grunwald Giemsa stained smears were categorized under TBSRTC in to 6 categories. Results: Maximum number of cases were between the age group of 31-45yr. Male: Female ratio in our study was 1:13. There were 12 cases (5.2%) under Unsatisfactory/non diagnostic category, 196(85.5%) cases belonged to benign category, 1 case (0.04%) of Atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance,10 cases (4.3%) belonged to follicular/ suspicious for follicular neoplasm,4 cases (1.7%) belonged to suspicious for malignancy & 6 (2.6%) belonged to Malignant category. Cyto histopathology discrepancy rate was 7.14%. Conclusions: TBSRTC brings about uniformity in reporting of thyroid cytology, thereby helping in better patient management and avoiding unwanted surgeries.
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