Lightweight security algorithms are tailored for resource-constrained environment. To improve the efficiency of an algorithm, usually, a tradeoff is involved in lightweight cryptography in terms of its memory requirements and speed. By adopting several performance enhancement techniques, a security framework for IoT enabled applications is presented in this paper. Proposed BRIGHT family of ciphers is comparably better than existing lightweight ciphers and support a range of block and key sizes for constraint environment. It enables users to match their security needs with application requirements by supporting a range of cryptographic solutions. The BRIGHT family of ciphers is a software-oriented design. The performance of BRIGHT family of lightweight ciphers is evaluated on different parameters. All versions of BRIGHT family ciphers fulfill Strict Avalanche Criteria, key sensitivity test, and randomness test. BRIGHT family ciphers show better performance in terms of memory requirements, cost and speed as compared to existing lightweight ciphers.
In the 21st century, Internet of Things (IoT) has become pivotal technology and has attracted worldwide attention in the smart computing environment. In order to enjoy the benefits of this new environment, security is considered as the main aspect in constrained end nodes. Ordinary cryptographic solutions are not sufficient for resource constraint devices. To fulfill this gap, a relatively new field of cryptography called lightweight cryptography came into existence. Furthermore, designing lightweight ciphers especially software oriented poses some significant limits and inherent conditions. Some design considerations of a lightweight encryption algorithm and tradeoffs for minimizing resource requirements are presented in this paper. Also, for a cipher, it is necessary to provide strong resistance against attacks. In this paper different countermeasures to prevent from attacks is also presented. By considering the performance-enhancing ideas presented in this paper, a new GFN based lightweight block cipher is proposed. A cipher design has two main parts; internal structure and key schedule. The internal structure of the proposed design has three layers in which operations are so arranged that it utilizes small code size and has fast diffusion. Besides, design of newly proposed cipher is such that it thwarts the effect of most of the attacks. In the nutshell, this paper serves as a base for designing good lightweight cipher for resource constraint smart IOT environment.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is viewed as a dynamic technological revolution representing future communications and computing in several areas. It introduces physical objects in the sphere of cyber world. IoT is not about a single technology but various complementary technological developments which provides ways to bridge the gap between the real world and the virtual world. A number of wireless sensor technologies are implemented in IoT viz. RFID, ZigBee, actuators, WiFi and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper presents various key technologies involved in IoT and its detailed architecture. IoT architecture explains function of each layer with respect to the technologies and the devices that surround each layer. Each layer has its specific security issues. This paper presents various security threats related to each IoT layer and the specific security requirements. Information security, data protection, and user's privacy are among important key areas in IoT. This paper in the nutshell presents new challenges posed by IoT so that further work can be undertaken in creating a robust, efficient and smart environment for IoT based applications.
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