Background The incidence and causes of road traffic accidents (RTAs) vary with geographical location, socioeconomic status, religion and era. The etiological factors and associated injury patterns may be important in planning for preventive measures and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the etiological factors, patterns and the frequency of maxillofacial injuries due to RTAs. Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted on 350 patients with facial trauma due to RTAs. Records related to age, sex, the cause of the RTA, the vehicle type, time to reach the hospital, the use of seat belts, helmets, and other safety devices were evaluated and reviewed. Results Two-wheelers were the most involved (53.71 %) vehicle type and negligence of traffic rules (24 %) was the most common etiological factor. Male to female ratio was 6.3:1. The age group of 21-50 (68.85 %) years was mostly affected. The nasal bone (29.14 %) was most often the site of fracture followed by mandible (28.0 %). The rate of accident was higher during 1000-1400 hours (23.14 %) period and during weekends (38.0 %). Majority (58.57 %) of victims reached the hospital within 6 h of accident.
ConclusionThe low utilization of safety devices like seat belts and helmets as well as speeding, negligence of traffic rules and reckless driving were identified as etiological factors.
The posterior maxilla presents several challenges to the implantologist. Implant dentistry has become an excellent treatment modality since its inception into the modern era of dentistry. When patients present with deficient alveolar ridges, it could jeopardize the application of implant dentistry. This problem is especially magnified in the posterior maxilla where ridge resorption and sinus pneumatization are often encountered. The procedure of choice to restore this anatomic deficiency is maxillary sinus floor lift up. The purpose of this case report is to bring forward such technique which prevents perforation of sinus lining during implant placement by doing the sinus lifting with indirect approach through alveolar crest. The indirect approach for sinus lift is less invasive and less complex and therefore a better alternative for such cases.
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