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A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a group of movable hosts with wireless network interfaces that structure a temporary network without the support of any permanent infrastructure or central administration. A MANET is also referred as an infrastructure less network because the mobile nodes in the network dynamically locate paths among themselves to transfer packets provisionally. Due to the dynamic network topology in ad hoc network nodes are exchanging plenty of routing packets for creating communication which intern increase network overhead and also increase collision in network. This brings about the matter of security in an ad hoc network. Security is core concern in routing protocol of MANET and affects the performance. In this paper, a innovative request forwarding mechanism is proposed in which source node generates route request packet and broadcast packet to other neighbor nodes to locate destination by implementing black hole attack. Proposed EM-DSR (Enhanced Malicious DSR) is implemented on NS-2 and results shown significant improvement over original DSR in terms of various performance metrics. it has been found that on dense network certain numbers of malicious nodes are supportive to reducing communication overhead and because of density negative effect of malicious attacks which is proposed EM-DSR that is able to reduce. Hence result shows proposed EM-DSR will be helpful to decrease communication overhead.

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VANET has turned into an effective area of research, standardization and advancement, because it has impressive potential to raise vehicle and road safety, welfare, as well as convenience to both drivers and passengers and traffic adaptability. A lot of VANET Research work has been centered on particular areas including broadcasting, routing, surveillance and quality of service. The security benchmarks of vehicular Ad hoc network are examined here. Due to the unguarded nature of the VANET system routing protocols, such networks are also unsafe from the malicious mobile nodes in the structure itself. Hence the fundamental objective of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), i.e., safe transmission of the time critical data, is possible only if a sturdy framework provides this insurance at all times. In this paper, various security protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks and achievement of mechanisms are discussed to give security. In this paper various types of security complications and objections of VANET have been figured out and examined.

Network topology can change quickly and unpredictably in mobile adhoc networks (MANETs), since there may exist a large number of independent ad hoc connections. All the routing protocols use a basic technique of route request transmission i.e. blind flooding which causes a lot of overheads in terms of end to end delay, packet delivery ratio, no. of routing packets generated etc. Because this is a bottleneck in performance of AODV protocol, an improved AODV protocol is proposed here. The proposed protocol is modeled, analyzed and implemented on base AODV routing protocol, based on improved method of route discovery and the proposed protocol adjusts itself dynamically based on the network density of MANET. The proposed protocol implementation is done in GloMoSim. The simulation results show that improved-AODV (I-AODV) protocol significantly reduces the no. of rebroadcasts and hence reduces the routing overheads caused due to broadcast storm in the network.

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