<span>Millimeter wave communication systems with antenna beamforming facilitates practical solutions to the capacity crunch issues in the upcoming 5G wireless networks. Multi-cell dense networks are prone to three major interferences-inter-cell, intra-cell and Inter layer interference-the most dominating being the inter-cell interference. This paper focuses to alleviate inter-cell interference using hybrid beamforming (HBF) approach, leveraging coordinated multipoint (CoMP) technique, thereby improving the SE of 5G networks. Simulation results show HBFpeforms in par with optimal weights, making it a suitable candidate for 5G networks. As the number of data streams is increased from Ns=1 to 4 for 0 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR) with Nt=64 and Nr=16, the SE increases from 9.5557 bits/s/Hz to 26.423 bits/s/Hz for optimal weights and from 9.1885 bits/s/Hz to 19.763 bits/s/Hz and hybrid weights, respectively. The second set of experiments are conducted to study the effect of number of transmit antennas on spectral efficiency (SE). The results show that as the number of transmit antennas is increased from Nt=16 to 64 for 0 dB SNR, with Nr=16 and Ns=4, the SE increases from 17.735 bits/s/Hz to 26.423 bits/s/Hz and 13.750 bits/s/Hz to 19.763 bits/s/Hz for optimal weights and hybrid weights, respectively.</span>
Critical diagnostic information inferred using state of the artradiology techniques helps radiologists in determining the severity of diseases and hence suggest suitable treatment procedures. As a result, dealing with medical image compression necessitates a trade-off between good perceptual quality and high compression rate. The objective of this work is twofold, i) to investigate the effect of increasing the number of encoding loops on medical image compression parameters, and ii) to determine the most suitable wavelet for medical image compression. Haar, Daubechies, Biorthogonal Demeyer, Coifletand Symlet wavelets are used for comparison. Six different sets of medical images are used for testing and from the results obtained it is observed that increasing the number of encoding loops results in better compression parameters but increasing beyond 9 has no significant effect on compression parameters and thus the optimum choice for the number of encoding loops is 9. From the second analysis it is observed that changing the type of wavelets used has no significant effect on the compression parameters.
There are several existing wireless system in 5G technology, originating interference in same frequency band and degenerate the concert of received signal. Antenna System comprise of different Beam forming methods in which direction of required signal is generated by the beam and nulls and the voids are set in the direction of unwanted signal (Interference). The survey of different blind and non-blind beam forming algorithms are discussed using smart antenna and phased array. It involves Least Mean Square (LMS), Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS), Recursive Least Square (RLS), Sample Matrix Inversion(SMI), Linear Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV), Constant Modulus (CMA), Decision feedback equalization based LMS (DFE-LMS) are considered. These algorithms are outlined to be claimed in 5G network to provide good quality, capacity and dealing with coincidence of signals and interference.
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