Following physical examination and radiography analysis, cystotomy was performed to remove a rabbit's single bladder stone. This rabbit urolith was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The EDXRF technique was successful for the determination of major elements (Ca, Mg, P, K and S) and presented sufficient sensitivity to also trace elements (Sr, Fe, Cu, V, Cr, Mn, Zn and Pb) determination. The results showed significant quantitative and structural variations among the urolith regions. The EDXRF technique using the fundamental parameters method and SEM attend as complementary techniques that can be useful in the management of urinary stone analysis.
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