Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its association with malocclusion among children in Recife, Brazil. Methods: 390 children aged seven to eight years took part in the study, comprised by the body mass measurement, orthodontic examination and parent's information required by the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. Statistics tools were Pearson's chi-square and Lemeshow test. Results: SDB was found in 33.3% of the children and associated with overjet (p= 0.007), anterior open bite (p=0.008) and posterior crossbite (p= 0.001). There was no association between BMI and SDB. The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that the anterior open bite (p= 0.002) and posterior crossbite (p = 0.014) have an association with SDB. Conclusions: Results of this study indicated that the prevalence of SDB was high and highly associated with malocclusion; anterior open bite and posterior crossbite are risk factors for SDB.
Introduction: Occupational accidents occur as a result of work, and can lead to bodily harm or functional impairments that lead to death, or to the reduction or loss of working capacity. Occupational accidents are associated with two possible outcomes: morbidity or mortality. Morbidity refers to the subset of a population that develops an illness over a given period of time, while mortality refers to the number of individuals who die over a specified time period. Objectives: To assess occupational morbidity and mortality in Brazil in the period of 2009 to 2016. Methods: An ecological study was conducted based on secondary data collected from incident records in the Social Security database. Results: The outcomes of all occupational accidents reported in Brazil from 2009 to 2016 were extracted from the database. These data were then classified by geographical region and category in the National Classification of Economic Activities (Classificação Nacional de Atividades Econômicas), so as to calculate the prevalence of each outcome and the accident mortality rates, and compare these values across regions and occupational categories. Conclusions: The data show that the outcomes of occupational accidents are directly associated with socioeconomic sectors and the sociocultural characteristics of different regions in the country. These results make an important contribution to the characterization of occupational morbidity and mortality in Brazil.
Dear Editor, we found that the article titled, "Low Hemoglobin A1c as Harbinger of Hemoglobinopathy," very interesting. 1 We would like to share ideas on this report. Regarding the abnormal low hemoglobin A1c level, there are many possible cause. It might relate to malnutrition or too strict diabetes contrl. 2-3 In the present case, 1 the problem is due to background personal illness of the patient. In fact, the aberration of hemoglobin A1c level due to hemoglobinopathy is a common problem in any settings with high prevalence of hemoglobin disorder. 4 The interference of abnormal hemoglobin on laboratory analysis is confirmed and quantification of hemoglobin A1c level is usually altered in various ways, either aberrant low or high. 4-5 For monitoring of diabetes control in the setting with high prevalence of hemoglobinopathy, fructosamine is recommended. 2 This should be applied for management of any patient with background origin from endemic countries such as those countries in Southeast Asia and Africa.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its association with malocclusion among children in Recife, Brazil. Methods: 390 children aged seven to eight years took part in the study, comprised by the body mass measurement, orthodontic examination and parent's information required by the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. Statistics tools were Pearson's chi-square and Lemeshow test. Results: SDB was found in 33.3% of the children and associated with overjet (p= 0.007), anterior open bite (p=0.008) and posterior crossbite (p= 0.001). There was no association between BMI and SDB.The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that the anterior open bite (p= 0.002) and posterior crossbite (p = 0.014) have an association with SDB. Conclusions: Results of this study indicated that the prevalence of SDB was high and highly associated with malocclusion;anterior open bite and posterior crossbite are risk factors for SDB.
Dear Editor, we found that the article titled, "Low Hemoglobin A1c as Harbinger of Hemoglobinopathy," very interesting. 1 We would like to share ideas on this report. Regarding the abnormal low hemoglobin A1c level, there are many possible cause. It might relate to malnutrition or too strict diabetes contrl. [2][3] In the present case, 1 the problem is due to background personal illness of the patient. In fact, the aberration of hemoglobin A1c level due to hemoglobinopathy is a common problem in any settings with high prevalence of hemoglobin disorder. 4 The interference of abnormal hemoglobin on laboratory analysis is confirmed and quantification of hemoglobin A1c level is usually altered in various ways, either aberrant low or high. [4][5] For monitoring of diabetes control in the setting with high prevalence of hemoglobinopathy, fructosamine is recommended. 2 This should be applied for management of any patient with background origin from endemic countries such as those countries in Southeast Asia and Africa.
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