Carbon dioxide (CO2) decomposition has drawn significant interest over the years due to its global warming potential.

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Dry reforming experiments are performed for five different CH4/CO2 ratios at three different operating temperatures. The focus of the work is on the short-term catalyst deactivation due to carbon deposition and analysis of the nature and structure of deposited carbon at CH4/CO2 ratio of 2, which is typical for biogas. The dry reforming experiments indicate that the short-term deactivation is insignificant at an equimolar ratio of CH4 and CO2. The rate of carbon deposition becomes faster at higher CH4/CO2 ratios and higher temperatures. CH4 and CO2 conversions and the exit mole fraction of CO and H2 confirm the occurrence of the reverse water–gas shift reaction. Characterization of the spent catalyst and deposited carbon is performed using XRD, TGA, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopies, which indicates the presence of graphitic carbon and carbon nanostructures.

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The conversion of greenhouse gases, H2 and CO selectivity, H2/CO ratio, and carbon formation in the dry reforming reaction over Ni‐supported ZSM‐5, Al2O3, and TiO2 are tested under thermal, plasma, and plasma–thermal conditions. It is observed that the dielectric nature, specific surface area, and acid‐base properties of the support influence the performance during the DRM reaction. Typical results indicate that the best activity and syngas yield are achieved with 15Ni/Al2O3 under plasma conditions, possibly due to the high dielectric constant and surface area of Al2O3 and nanosize of Ni. In the thermal condition, the highest conversion of 73% and 68% for CH4 and CO2, respectively, is achieved over 15Ni/ZSM‐5 at 500 °C. Plasma‐assisted thermal conditions provide the highest conversion due to the activation of reactants and their partial conversion in the plasma zone before entering into the catalytic zone. The plasma‐assisted thermocatalytic conversions of CH4 and CO2 reach the best values of 76% and 71%, respectively, on 15Ni/ZSM‐5. Under the same conditions, 68% and 65% conversion of CH4 and CO2, respectively, is achieved with 15Ni/Al2O3 where the selectivity for H2 and CO is 45% and 58%, respectively.

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