Background: Cholelithiasis is a common pathology of the gall bladder affecting about 10 to 15% of the adults in western countries and 2 to 29% in India. More than 80% of the patients with cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Hypothyroidism may cause gall stone formation due to the hyperlipidemia, motility disorders affecting the bile duct and sphincter of Oddi.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Surgery, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura from March 2019 to February 2020 for duration of one and half year. The sample size was 54 and consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for the sampling. All the collected data were recorded in a pre-designed proforma and analyzed in MS excel.Results: Out of 54-patients with cholelithiasis, 28% patients were from the age group 45-54 years.40% patients were hypothyroid pre-dominantly females. Among 30-female patients 11 (26.82%) were hypothyroid and among 11-male patients 2 (15.38%) were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism in male and female was statistically significant.Conclusions: This study was introduced to determine the relationship between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. It was concluded that hypothyroidism was more common in female, obese and elder patients. The gender distribution of the hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis was statistically significant while all other variables were statistically not significant.
The goal of this in vitro investigation was to assess the microleakage caused by polymerization shrinkage of four different resin cements, which were used for cementation of monolithic zirconia crown on prepared maxillary and mandibular first premolar extracted for orthodontic purpose. The microleakage was analysed by dye staining, followed by evaluation via optical method using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. Following statistical analysis of the results, it was discovered that all of the tested luting cements exhibit a sizable degree of polymerization shrinkage. The depth of dye penetration also showed high degree of correlation with polymerization shrinkage. However, the magnitude of correlation varied among the different groups.
Background: Ileosigmoid knotting (ISK) is one of the rare causes of acute intestinal obstruction. It has a rapid course for forming gangrene. In this condition, the ileum and sigmoid colon wrap around each other, causing a knot and strangulation of both structures. ISK is extremely rare in North America most cases are reported in Asia and Africa. This is a surgical emergency and an attempt to relieve the obstruction must be done promptly. The management may range from a resection and anastomosis of the ileum and Sigmoid Colon, ileostomy and Hartmann's procedure depending on patients condition and gangrenous bowel segment. Method: It is a retrospective study. Data collection was done for three years from September 2018 to August 2021 in Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital in the Department of General Surgery. Result: In our study 26 patients (M: F ratio 3:1) was identified with ileosigmoid knotting. The mean age of the patients are 43 years (SD+/- 13) in the study population. It more commonly affects males (76.92%) who are in the fourth decade of life. About fifty percent patients (53.84%) presented with shock (chi square test p value <0.05). The double segment gangrene (69.23%) is the most common presentation than single segment. The most of the patients was operated with ileal and sigmoid colon resection and ileostomy and colostomy. The septicemia (23.07%) is the most common cause of mortality in the study (chi square test p value <0.05). Conclusion: Ileosigmoid knotting is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction and bowel ischemia. So the early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention in general includes bowel resection with ileostomy and or colostomy and or primary anastomosis. Keywords: Ileosigmoid knotting, volvulus, gangrene, ileostomy, Hartmann’s procedure.
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