A systematic study to determine the effect of varying the compression ratio on the performance of a diesel engine is carried out. In this paper the various performance parameters have been studied at various compression ratios and optimum value of compression ratio has been found. At this value the engine performs at its best efficiency and lowest fuel consumption. The entire study was carried out using a simulation software Diesel RK version 4.1.3.143. In order to find out the optimum compression ratio the simulation was carried out at the compression ratios ranging from 17:1-21:1. The performance parameters considered for the simulation are Indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), [1] Indicated Efficiency, Brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), Braking efficiency, Specific fuel consumption (SFC) and Exhaust gas temperature. The graphs for these parameters against the engine speed at different compression ratios are plotted. The results shows that engine works best at compression ratio 18.5 for the above stated parameters.
In this research, we will be taking three different types of IC engines piston namely flat, bowled and shallow. These pistons will be made up of three different types of materials Alloy steel-1040, aluminium alloy-6061 and cast iron. Structural analysis will be carried out on all these three designs made up of these different materials to see if they can take the gas load on simulation software ANSYS. After that, thermal simulation of the piston will be done with cooling to see that feasibility of the piston to conduct necessary amount of heat on simulation software ANSYS. Then we will compare the result of structural and thermal analysis and decide the best design and also optimize the final design. By having cooling mechanisms simulated, temperatures were brought down to very low value in most of the regions .Now that most of the regions in the piston are in controlled temperatures. Therefore it is necessary to have dedicated cooling mechanisms for piston without which material melting may not be a surprise. It is also interesting to note that more heat is always concentrated at the center of the piston. This is so in all piston geometries. This is because of the fact that heat accumulated at the centre need to travel a long distance to dissipate the heat. Here is the summary of material temperatures for the different analysis that were carried out. Analysis carried out was basically a peak moment simulation, in which conditions prevailing at the point of combustion were simulated. Structural load is gas pressure and thermal load is heat energy released by the burning fuel and convection water and oil cooling. The peak surface temperature of the piston material when there is no cooling is about 1980 o C against 518 o C when cooling was provided.
In this research connecting rod is one of the most important part in engine assembly which transfers energy from piston to crankshaft and convert the linear, reciprocating motion of a piston into the rotary motion of a crankshaft. The connecting rod primarily undergoes tensile and compressive loading under engine cyclic process. The forces acting on connecting rod are:-forces due to maximum combustion pressure and force due to inertia of connecting rod and reciprocating mass [1]. From the viewpoint of functionality, connecting rods must have the highest possible rigidity at the lowest weight. This research addresses the computation of the strength and distortion characteristics of a connecting rod. Finite element method is used to analyze the connecting rod's stress and deformation using Ansys. For this case, a fatigue and structural analysis will be performed. The axial compressive load is greater than the axial tensile load. Therefore, the design is only analyzed for the axial compressive loads. This analysis shows the importance of the solution of the connecting rod big end distortions in view of the changes in the bearing clearance at the most important variants of the stress [9,11]. This variant is frequently overlooked and primary importance is attached to the strength stress which however does not have to be limiting one and Fatigue analysis and determining if design of connecting rod is safe or not.
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