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Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) are rare. A review of the English language literature from 1985 to 1995 for reports of visceral artery aneurysms showed HAA to be the most frequently reported visceral aneurysm during that decade. This increase in incidence relates to the increasing use of percutaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. A second factor is the increased use of diagnostic CT scanning after blunt liver trauma. The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate the imaging presentation and radiological management of HAAs.

Purpose To examine the correlations between uni-dimensional RECIST and volumetric measurements in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and to assess their association with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Materials and Methods In this study of patients receiving chemotherapy for lung cancer in the setting of a clinical trial, response was prospectively evaluated using RECIST 1.0. Retrospectively, volumetric measurements were recorded and response was assessed by two different volumetric methods at each followup CT scan using a semi-automated segmentation algorithm. We subsequently evaluated the correlation between the uni-dimensional RECIST measurements and the volumetric measurements and performed landmark analyses for OS and PFS at the completion of the first and second follow-ups. Kaplan-Meier curves together with log-rank tests were used to evaluate the association between the different response criteria and patient outcome. Results Forty-two patients had CT scans at baseline, after the first follow up scan and second followup scan, and then every 8 weeks. The uni-dimensional RECIST measurements and volumetric measurements were strongly correlated, with a Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) of 0.853 at baseline, ρ = 0.861 at the first followup, ρ = 0.843 at the 2nd followup, and ρ = 0.887 overall between-subject. On first follow-up CT, partial responders and non responders as assessed by an “ellipsoid” volumetric criteria showed a significant difference in OS (p=0.008, 1-year OS of 70% for partial responders and 46% for non responders). There was no difference between the groups when assessed by RECIST criteria on first follow-up CT (p=0.841, 1-year OS rate of 64% for partial responders and 64% for non responders). Conclusion Volumetric response on first follow-up CT may better predict OS than RECIST response. Clinical Relevance Statement Assessment of tumor size and response is of utmost importance in clinical trials. Volumetric measurements may help to better predict OS than uni-dimensional RECIST criteria.

INTRODUCTION Recurrent gene rearrangements are important drivers of oncogenesis in non-small cell lung cancers. RET and ROS1 rearrangements are each found in 1–2% of lung adenocarcinomas and represent distinct molecular subsets. This study assessed the computed tomography (CT) imaging features of patients with RET- and ROS1-rearranged lung cancers. METHODS Eligible patients included pathologically-confirmed lung adenocarcinomas of any stage with a RET or ROS1 rearrangement via fluorescence in-situ hybridization or next-generation sequencing, and available pre-treatment baseline imaging for review. A cohort of EGFR-mutant lung cancers was identified as a control group. CT features assessed included location, consistency, contour, presence of cavitation, and calcification of the primary tumor. Presence of an effusion, lung metastases, adenopathy and extrathoracic disease were recorded. The Wilcoxon rank-sum/Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare features between groups. RESULTS 73 patients with lung adenocarcinomas were identified: 17 (23%) with ROS1 fusions, 25 (34%) with RET fusions and 31 (43%) with EGFR mutations. ROS1-rearranged lung cancers were more likely to present as peripheral tumors in comparison to EGFR-mutant lung cancers (32% vs 65%, p=0.04). RET-rearranged lung cancers did not significantly differ from EGFR-mutant lung cancers radiographically. The consistency of the primary lesion for RET and ROS fusions and EGFR mutations were most frequently solid and spiculated. CONCLUSIONS Lung adenocarcinomas with RET and ROS1 fusions share many radiographic features and those with ROS1 fusion are more likely to present as peripheral lesions in comparison to EGFR-mutant lung cancers.

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