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It has been found that substituted diohloromethyl malonic esters react rapidly above 65°in inert solvents with one equivalent of ethoxide ion to give a-chloromethylene carboxylic esters in yields generally over 90%. The other products are diethyl carbonate and chloride ion, If two equivalents of ethoxide ion are SUMMARY It is shown that substituted dichloromethyl malonic esters react in inert solvent with one equivalent of ethoxide ion to yield -chloromethylene esters and diethyl carbonate: with two equivalents of ethoxide ion to yield diethyl carbonate and the corresponding -ethoxymethylene ester.The reactions of substituted dichloromethyl malonic esters with two equivalents of ethoxide ion in ethanol produce diethyl carbonate, a-ethoxymethylene esters, ethyl orthoformate, and traces of the ester corresponding to the hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the original substituted malonic ester.

o-Phthalaldehyde reacts rapidly at the reflux temperature with an equimolar amount of ethyl orthoformate in ethanol solution containing catalytic amounts of ammonium chloride to form o-diethoxymethylbenzaldehyde (I) as the principal product and the isomeric 1,3-diethoxy phthalan (II).

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employed. A mixture of 22 g. of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, 24 g. of o-nitroaniline, 17 g. of anhydrous potassium carbonate, 0.8 g. of copper bronze and 35 ml. of re-hexanol