36The recent re-emergence of yellow fever virus (YFV) in Brazil has raised serious concerns due to the 37 virus' rapid dissemination in the southeastern region. To better understand YFV genetic diversity and 38 dynamics during the recent outbreak in southeastern Brazil we generated 18 complete and near-39 complete genomes from the peak of the epidemic curve from non-human primates (NHPs) and human 40 infected cases across Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro states. Genomic sequencing of 18 YFV 41 genomes revealed the timing, source and likely routes of yellow fever virus transmission and 42 dispersion during the one of the largest outbreaks ever registered in Brazil. We showed that the recent 43 YFV epidemic spillover southwards several times from Minas Gerais to Espírito Santo and Rio de 44 Janeiro states in 2016 to 2019. The quick production and analysis of data from portable sequencing 45 could identify the corridor of spread of YFV. These findings reinforce that real-time and continued 46 genomic surveillance strategies can assist in the monitoring and public health responses of arbovirus 47
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