Structural finite element model (FEM) updating in dynamics usually deemed the measured modal parameters as the goal. By modifying the theoretical FEM, the updated modal parameters obtained by the analytical FEM would finally tend to the testing results. But the own complexity of the civil structure leads the optimization problem of FEM updating to be super-size and high non-linear performance. Moreover, the uncertainty and nonuniformity of the structures, material and the environment effect cause the uncertainty of the updating parameters, even the optimization objective function of FEM updating. These features has brought greater difficulty to the model updating in civil engineering structure, especially for the application field. Therefore, in this paper several kinds of methods for FEM updating would be introduced with the comparison of their advantages, disadvantages and the range of application. At the end of this paper, the problems remained to be solved in FEM updating of civil structures are to be presented.
This article briefly reviews the two methods of finite element model (FEM) updating, such as direct matrix methods and the sensitivity-based model updating methods. In addition, the problem in bridge structure model updating often needs to solve large-scale ill-posed linear systems. Therefore, two regularization methods of Tikhonov and TSVD were introduced. Meanwhile, for these systems, it is proposed that the application of the two kinds of regularization method to solve the problem which the test data contaminated by noise may rarely lead to a physically meaningful updated model.
Finite element (FE) model updating of structures using vibration test data has received considerable attentions in recent years due to its crucial role in fields ranging from establishing a reality-consistent structural model for dynamic analysis and control, to providing baseline model for damage identification in structural health monitoring. Model updating is to correct the analytical finite element model using test data to produce a refined one that better predict the dynamic behavior of structure. However, for real complex structures, conventional updating methods is difficult to be utilized to update the FE model of structures due to the heavy computational burden for the dynamic analysis. Meta-model is an effective surrogate model for dynamic analysis of large-scale structures. An updating method based on the combination between meta-model and component mode synthesis (CMS) is proposed to improve the efficiency of model updating of large-scale structures. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then validated by updating a scaled suspender arch bridge model using the simulated data.
With the development of sensor, signal acquiring and processing technologies, amounts of overlay design methods for old cement concrete pavement have been proposed. However, there are difficulties in applying these methods to the real pavement under the long-term operational environments. In this study, the research achievements for resisting the generation and extension of reflection cracks of the old cement concrete pavement, developed over the last couple of decades and their applications, were summarized firstly, and then the primary challenge in applying these methods was discussed.
Although the seismic response analysis under the multi-excitation was widely focused on the long-span flexible bridges, it is still necessary to pay more attention to this point of continuous girder bridges since the dynamic behavior of this type of bridges are different with either long-span bridges or simple support bridges. Based on the nonlinear dynamic time history analysis, a four-span continuous beam FEM was built, and the effect of excitation types and structure size on seismic response was studied. And results indicate that the structural performance of continuous girder bridges is sensitive with the space correlation of different location of seismic excitation. So its necessary to consider the space effect of excitation while carrying out a seismic design of continuous beam.
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