The present study aimed to develop a cryotherapy gel based on ginger, menthol and caffeine, as well as to analyze the parameters of physical-chemical and microbiological quality control of the phytocosmetic formulation. The raw materials were purchased in local stores in the municipality of Teresina, Piauí. The ginger extract was obtained by macerating the rhizomes and rotating with acetone solvent. For the cosmetic formulation, carbopol gel was first prepared, followed by alkalinization, solubilization in caffeine and menthol and addition of ginger extract and dye, following the Good Practices of Handling the Resolution of the Collegiate Board (RDC) No. 67 / 2007. Subsequently, the physical-chemical quality control tests inherent to the preliminary stability were applied, encompassing organoleptic characteristics, pH, electrical conductivity, spreadability, resistance to centrifugation, optical microscopy, in addition to microbiological evaluation, identifying the presence of mesophilic bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. The results of the organoleptic characteristics indicated a gel with a bright red color, homogeneous appearance and a characteristic menthol odor. The pH ranged from 5.46 to 5.59 and the electrical conductivity from 1900 to 2250 µs / cm, both being considered adequate. Regarding the spreadability, it was found that there was an increase in the proportion that the weight (g) was added, showing a good ability to spread and cover the site of action, both before and after preliminary stability. In the centrifugation resistance test, the gel formulation remained stable, both before and after 12 days. Regarding the microscopic analysis of the droplets, it was observed that most of them (65%) had a diameter in the range of 0.6 µm to 1 µm, showing small blood cells heterogeneously distributed and with some coalescence points. As for the microbiological analyzes of the cryotherapy gel, it was observed that the values for counting microrganisms were within the limits recommended by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia, both for aerobic mesophiles (1UFC / g) and for filamentous fungi and yeasts (0 CFU/g). Thus, it was possible to develop a phytocosmetic suitable for use, with pleasant organoleptic characteristics and physical-chemical and microbiological standards within the required prerequisites. However, it is necessary to carry out new tests of product stability during the entire storage, in order to confirm the preliminary results, in addition to tests that ratify its biological activity, as well as in vitro and in vivo toxicological tests that effectively guarantee product safety.
Objetivo: A anemia falciforme é a doença hereditária de maior prevalência no Brasil. Embora seja conhecida há séculos, ainda não há um tratamento específico e os portadores da doença são frequentemente polimedicados. Portanto, a farmacoterapia representa um recurso terapêutico primordial na anemia falciforme e o seu prolongamento associa-se com a cronicidade e gravidade da doença. Dessa forma, a quantidade de medicamentos no esquema posológico, as doses diárias dos fármacos, as diferentes formas farmacêuticas, o total de doses por dia, as relações da dose com a alimentação, as orientações específicas para utilização dos medicamentos são características do regime terapêutico frequentemente prescrito aos indivíduos com anemia falciforme que acarretam na complexidade de sua farmacoterapia. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar o Índice de Complexidade da Farmacoterapia (ICFT) na anemia falciforme. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo transversal envolvendo indivíduos com diagnóstico de anemia falciforme, sob tratamento medicamentoso, atendidos num centro de hemoterapia. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas e prontuário médico. As variáveis analisadas foram o perfil farmacoterapêutico, sociodemográfico e laboratorial. A quantificação da complexidade do regime terapêutico foi realizada conforme o Índice da Complexidade da Farmacoterapia. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes do estudo eram homens 5 (60%), ao passo que somente 40% eram mulheres. O valor do ICFT obtido foi de 6,11 sugerindo baixa complexidade da farmacoterapia e alta adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. Os principais fatores associados à complexidade da terapêutica farmacológica foi o número de medicamentos que os indivíduos faziam uso. Conclusões: Em suma, o presente estudo revelou que a simplificação dos regimes terapêuticos, proporciona uma melhor adesão ao tratamento farmacológico com consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida do indivíduo.
Anemias are considered to be multifactorial conditions, of diverse origins and associated with different risk groups, being defined as a reduction in hemoglobin in erythrocyte cells. The present research aimed to establish the epidemiological and laboratory profile of anemic patients in a University Hospital. This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. The analysis of blood counts dispatched in 2018 from patients with anemia was performed from a sample calculated with a 95% confidence level and a sampling error of 5%. Age-related data were collected; sex; self-declared color; naturalness; municipality of residence; patient's situation, whether inpatient or outpatient and; hemoglobin measurement, corpuscular constants, presence of petylocytes and leukocyte and platelet count. Anemias were morphologically classified and stratified according to severity. The chi-square test was applied with the aid of the Statistics Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 17.0, with a significance of 5%. The survey has an ethical appraisal certificate No. 01812918.3.0000.5214. The study confirms the importance of the theme “anemia” and presents new data in the context of Piauí. It portrays the low resolution of health services in the interior of the state and corroborates the clinical importance of blood count and good practices in hematoscopy.
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