In this work, we have proposed and applied a methodology for teaching electromagnetism, based on an experimental activity and designed in an investigative teaching model, and containing a high degree of dialogism among teachers and students. We have used the discovery of the electron as a generator theme and a remote experiment to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron as an educational resource. Our analyses indicate favorably towards the promotion of ways of appropriation of knowledge by the student, very different from those perceived in traditional expositive classes. Similarly, we find that the presence of a technological resource and an experimental activity create new posture of the teacher in the classroom, probably caused by the unpredictability of the results from the use of such resources. A challenge that we still need to solve is how to engage students in extra classroom tasks, since learning is not only effective in time for classes. We also present the weaknesses detected in our methodological proposal as well as implementations necessary in order to continue the validation process of this methodology.
This paper describes both the construction of a system to remotely access and control a didactic and real experiment to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron, and the development of a virtual learning environment (VLE) in which the remote experiment is inserted. The experimental apparatus is similar to that used by Joseph John Thomson in 1897 which resulted in the discovery of the electron. The remote experiment can be accessed online from a personal computer or from a mobile device under Android operating system. Results of an experimental and remote determination of the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron are presented as well as an analysis of the VLE usability.Index Terms-high school education, open laboratory, remote experiment, scientific education, virtual learning environment, WebLab.
Dedico esta tese, primeiramente, a Deus; aos meus filhos, que me dão forças para percorrer os meus sonhos; aos meus pais e esposo, que sempre me incentivaram, e ao meu orientador, que é meu maior incentivador e inspirador. AGRADECIMENTOSAo meu orientador, por todo auxílio, apoio e amizade durante todos esses anos de orientação.Ao meu marido, por estar sempre ao meu lado em todas as minhas batalhas.Aos meus pais, pelo incentivo, apoio e amor incondicional.Aos meus filhos pela compreensão, inspiração, carinho e amor em todos os momentos.Aos meus irmãos que sempre acreditaram em mim.Ao nosso grupo de pesquisa pelas discussões e contribuições.Aos professores da educação básica que contribuíram com as entrevistas com muita disponibilidade.Aos professores da pós-graduação que auxiliaram com ensinamentos importantes para a construção do trabalho.Aos professores da banca pela disponibilidade e por todas as contribuições.À CAPES pelo apoio financeiro.
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