Introdução: Durante a trajetória histórica que envolve a política de saúde infantil no Brasil, houve pontos positivos e negativos no processo de cuidar, implementado por meio das políticas públicas. Nesse sentido, em vários anos e décadas, foram propostas diretrizes novas que vão ao encontro de uma assistência qualificada à saúde da criança. Objetivo: Analisar a trajetória histórica das políticas de saúde infantil no Brasil verificando as tendências do coeficiente de mortalidade infantil. Método: Revisão integrativa consolidada a partir de pesquisa realizada em documentos de domínio público, disponíveis em formato digital na rede de internet. Foram coletados dados sobre a saúde infantil do período de 1930 a 2016. Resultados: Entre 1930 e 2015 observa-se uma redução na taxa de mortalidade infantil e melhoria na economia do país, além da implantação de várias políticas com ações voltadas diretamente com o objetivo desta redução. Porém, em 2016, um ano após a implantação da última política infantil, observou-se um aumento com 10,2% na taxa de mortalidade infantil referente ao ano anterior. Conclusões: Dessa forma, este estudo mostra que nos últimos 80 anos a taxa de mortalidade infantil vem reduzindo concomitantemente com o aumento de implantações de políticas. Todavia, foi possível ver que ainda se faz necessário melhorias e uma atenção mais direcionada a esta parte da população.
Background: In December 2019, a new disease, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), emerged, which put several countries on a state of alert. Because it is a novel virus, several aspects and factors that contribute to the evolution of pathogenesis are still unknown and need to be better understood. Therefore, a systematic review is necessary to investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and chronic nontransmissible disease in patients who have died of COVID-19.Methods: This was a systematic review of the literature for observational studies published between December 2019 and September 2020. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) under the number CRD42020176249.Results: In the 31 studies analyzed, a total of 421,872 (100%) patients were infected with COVID-19, and, of these, 45,399 (10.8%) died. The 3 most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory diseases, respectively. The cure/recovery rate was 89.2% (376,473). Conclusion:This review revealed a high percentage of comorbidities in the patients with COVID-19, especially those who died.
The World Health Organization declared, at the end of 2019, a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, a virus that causes Coronavirus Disease—COVID-19. Currently, Brazil has become the epicenter of the disease, registering approximately 345 thousand deaths. Thus, the study has scientific relevance in health surveillance as it identifies, quantifies and monitors the main behavioral patterns of the mortality rate due to COVID-19, in Brazil and in their respective regions. In this context, the study aims to assess the epidemiological behavior of mortality due to COVID-19 in Brazil: a time series study, referring to the year 2020. This is an ecological time series study, constructed using secondary data. The research was carried out in Brazil, having COVID-19 deaths as the dependent variable that occurred between the 12th and 53rd Epidemiological Week of 2020. The independent variable will be the epidemiological weeks. The data on deaths by COVID-19 were extracted in February 2021, on the Civil Registry Transparency Portal. The cleaning of the database and the information were treated in the Microsoft Excel® Software and, for statistical analysis, the JoinPoint software, version 4.7.0.0 was used. It was observed that Brazil presents an upward curve between the 12th and 19th SE, when it reaches saturation at the peak of mortality, which remains until the 35th SE and, subsequently, a downward curve was identified until the 47th SE, period in the which curve turns back up.
Introdução: As enteroparasitoses são doenças com um potencial de infecção cosmopolita, que afetam com alta frequência as faixas etárias que possuem imunidade debilitada, principalmente se os indivíduos estiverem em um ambiente propício a infecções. Todavia, esse tipo de doença pode ser evitado através de hábitos de higiene. Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento sobre enteroparasitas e a atitude das crianças do Projeto Cidadão do Amanhã diante da prevenção de doenças. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quase experimental, realizado com as crianças de 6 a 12 anos, cadastradas no Projeto Cidadão do Amanhã e atendidas na Clínica de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, ambas na cidade de Santa Cruz-RN. Utilizou-se como amostra 40 crianças, sendo utilizado para coleta de dados dois instrumentos. Resultados: Verificou-se o conhecimento de escolares em quatro categorias: 1) Hábitos de higiene; 2) Contaminação alimentar; 3) Autocontaminação e 4) Dermatites tópicas, observando no resultado do pós-teste aplicado ao grupo 2, melhora de acertos nas respostas, de modo que acredita-se que a educação em saúde seja a principal forma de prevenção tanto das enteroparasitoses, quanto de outras doenças que possam vir a afetar a vida não apenas do grupo aqui estudado, mas da população em geral. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há a necessidade de implantação e implementações de ações e serviços de saúde, bem como o fortalecimento da educação básica, para promover a saúde da referida população e prevenir o acometimento de parasitoses.
The mortality rate of women due to firearms increases every day in Brazil and globally. This study aimed to evaluate the trends of firearm-related mortality in women from the years 2007 to 2016 in order to determine their profile and to associate these indicators with public policy and strategies to reduce mortality. This is an ecological time-series study using secondary data of women aged 10 to 49 years old collected through the mortality information system (SIM) in Brazil. Furthermore, independent characteristics such as education, color, race and civil status were also collected from SIM. Data was analyzed using the Join Point open source software version. There was an increase in the mortality rate of women who received 4 to the 7 years of education, were single, and brown-skinned. There was a significantly increased rate of mortality in women whose ages ranged from 20 to 29 years followed by 30 to 39 years; the rate was also significantly higher in the northeast region followed by the southeast region. There is a need for professional training to assist women in vulnerable situations.
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